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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

All-optical switching and logic based on a two-phonon light scattering

Alexandre S. Shcherbakov, Eduardo Tepichín-Rodríguez

Published Dec 27, 2001• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We consider physical principles of a two-phonon light scattering in crystals in a special case, when direct transitions between all the orders of scattering are allowed and, moreover, the probabilities of these transitions can be regulated electronically. The exact and closed analytical model for describing this process is presented. The feasibility of exploiting such a phenomenon for creation of an all-optical logic is substantiated. A few possibilities of arranging the optical logic gates are revealed. Fulfilling a set of logic operations is algorithmically analyzed and estimated.

DOI
10.1117/12.455415

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•Jan 1, 2017•0 citations
We consider physical principles of a two-phonon light scattering in crystals in a special case, when direct transitions between all the orders of scattering are allowed and, moreover, the probabilities of these transitions can be regulated electronically. The exact and closed analytical model for describing this process is presented. The feasibility of exploiting such a phenomenon for creation of an all-optical logic is substantiated. A few possibilities of arranging the optical logic gates are revealed. Fulfilling a set of logic operations is algorithmically analyzed and estimated.
A specific case of a four-order non-collinear light scattering in anisotropic media is presented.Compared to our previous studies, an innovation lies in the fact that now we consider passing just the quartet of incident light waves through a single crystal that is perturbed by a coherent stream of acoustic phonons.The exact and closed analytical model for describing this strongly nonlinear phenomenon is developed.In fact, a specially designed regime of a four-order light scattering, when transitions of four input light beams into four output light modes are allowed and electronically controlled, is examined.The feasibility of applying such an effect to perform an all-optical switching is analyzed.An opportunity for arranging the digital 4-bit register is revealed and algorithmically analyzed.
EN EL PRESENTE ARTICULO SE DISCUTEN LOS PRINCIPIOS FISICOS DE LA DIFRACCION DE LA LUZ POR DOS FOTONES EN CRISTALES Y SE PRESENTA LA POSIBILIDAD DE EXPLOTAR TAL FENOMENO PARA LA CREACION DE LOGICA TODO-OPTICA. SE PRESENTA TANTO UN CONJUNTO COMPLETO DE OPERACIONES LOGICAS COMO LA REALIZACION DE UNA MEMORIA DE UN SOLO BIT, QUE HAN SIDO ESTIMADAS Y ANALIZADAS ALGORITMICAMENTE. Abstract WE DESCRIBE PHYSICAL PRINCIPLES OF A TWO-PHONON LIGHT SCATTERING IN CRYSTALS AND PRESENT THE FEASIBILITY OF EXPLOITING SUCH A PHENOMENON FOR THE CREATION OF AN ALL-OPTICAL LOGIC. BOTH PERFORMING THE FUNCTIONALLY COMPLETE SET OF LOGIC OPERATIONS AND FULFILLING ONE BIT MEMORY HAVE BEEN ALGORITHMICALLY ANALYZED AND ESTIMATED.
Nonlinear interactions between two photons are required for the construction of optical quantum logic gates, but those interactions are normally very weak due to the small magnitude of the electric field associated with a single photon. We note that exchange interactions can have a large effect even when there is no physical interaction between two particles, and we exploit this property for the construction of optical quantum logic gates. We show that the probability of there being two virtually-excited atoms in a medium can be a factor of 2 larger when two nonresonant photons propagate through the same medium as compared to the case in which they propagate through two separate media, in analogy with photon bunching. As a result, the application of one or more laser pulses will produce a nonlinear phase shift that can be used to construct an XOR quantum logic gate. This provides an example of a quantum control process in which one photon can control the state of another photon even when there is no sequence of physical interactions linking the two photons. From a classical point of view, it is not possible to identify a path for the flow of information or a specific cause for the outcome of the control process.
Optical logic down to the single photon level holds the promise of data processing with a better energy efficiency than electronic devices [1]. In addition, preservation of quantum coherence in such logical components could lead to optical quantum logical gates [2--4]. Optical logic requires optical non-linearities to enable photon-photon interactions. Non-linearities usually appear for large intensities, but discrete transitions allow for giant non-linearities operating at the single photon level [5], as demonstrated for a single optical mode with cold atomic gases [6, 7], or single two-level systems coupled to light via a tailored photonic environment [8--13]. However optical logic requires two-mode non-linearities [14, 15]. Here we take advantage of the large coupling efficiency and the broadband operation of a photonic wire containing a semiconductor quantum dot (QD) [16] to implement an all-optical logical component, wherein as few as 10 photons per QD lifetime in one mode control the reflectivity of another, spectrally distinct, mode. Whether classical or quantum, optical communication has proven to be the best choice for long distance information distribution. All-optical data processing has therefore raised much interest in recent years, as it would avoid energy and coherence consuming optics-to-electronics conversion steps. Two-ports operation is a necessary requirement for the implementation of any non-trivial optical data processing. This involves a non-linear interaction between two distinct optical modes. Such a functionality operating at the single photon level can be achieved with a giant cross non-linearity obtained via resonant interactions in an atomic-like system featuring discrete energy levels [5].