UANTUM communications is a relatively new field in which nonclassical quantum effects are used to implement communications tasks that would not be possible classically. Examples of possible applications include cryptography using quantum key distribution (QKD), secret sharing among distant parties, increased channel capacity using super dense coding, or using the quantum internet to connect distributed elements of a quantum computer. Recent experimental developments, including teleportation and linear optics, have significantly advanced the field of quantum communications, bringing it closer to practical reality. This issue contains a selection of papers that describe research in a number of areas that are relevant to quantum communications. The papers may be divided into four general categories: 1) basic concepts, 2) probabilistic models, 3) basic hardware devices, and 4) possible implementations of a quantum internet. In particular, the last paper in this issue broadens the discussion
UANTUM communications is a relatively new field in which nonclassical quantum effects are used to implement communications tasks that would not be possible classically. Examples of possible applications include cryptography using quantum key distribution (QKD), secret sharing among distant parties, increased channel capacity using super dense coding, or using the quantum internet to connect distributed elements of a quantum computer. Recent experimental developments, including teleportation and linear optics, have significantly advanced the field of quantum communications, bringing it closer to practical reality. This issue contains a selection of papers that describe research in a number of areas that are relevant to quantum communications. The papers may be divided into four general categories: 1) basic concepts, 2) probabilistic models, 3) basic hardware devices, and 4) possible implementations of a quantum internet. In particular, the last paper in this issue broadens the discussion
This feature issue presents a collection of recent theoretical and experimental developments in the field of quantum key distribution (QKD) and its extension to other quantum cryptography protocols and devices. It encompasses work on a variety of QKD protocols, including continuous-variable, measurement-device independent, and twin-field QKD, as well as other newly proposed protocols, in platforms ranging from optical fiber through to wireless indoor and satellite links. It covers examples of hacking strategies and their countermeasures as well as applications of machine learning techniques in designing quantum networks. It also includes new developments in efficient superconducting photon-number resolving detectors as well as fast quantum random number generators. Distinctively, this feature issue demonstrates how different expertise in science and engineering can come together to produce an outcome that hopefully takes us one step closer to the wide-scale deployment of quantum communications technologies.
Driven by the rapid progress in quantum hardware, recent years have witnessed a furious race for quantum technologies in both academia and industry. Universal quantum computers have supported up to hundreds of qubits, while the scale of quantum annealers has reached three orders of magnitude (i.e., thousands of qubits). Quantum computing power keeps climbing. Race has consequently generated an overwhelming number of research papers and documents. This article provides an entry point for interested readers to learn the key aspects of quantum computing and communications from a computer science perspective. It begins with a pedagogical introduction and then reviews the key milestones and recent advances in quantum computing. In this article, the key elements of a quantum Internet are categorized into four important issues, which are investigated in detail: a) quantum computers, b) quantum networks, c) quantum cryptography, and d) quantum machine learning. Finally, the article identifies and discusses the main barriers, the major research directions, and trends.
Quantum information science is an area of study based on the idea
that information science depends on quantum effects in physics. It includes
theoretical issues in computational models as well as more experimental topics
in quantum physics including what can and cannot be done with quantum
information. Subfields include: Quantum computing, Quantum error correction,
Quantum complexity theory, Quantum cryptography and its generalization, quantum
communication, Quantum communication complexity, Quantum entanglement, Quantum
dense coding, Quantum teleportation.
In the
present book, fifteen typical literatures about Quantum Communication published
on international authoritative journals were selected to introduce the
worldwide newest progress, which contains reviews or original researches on
Communication, mechanics, optics, ect. We hope this book can demonstrate
advances in Quantum Communication as well as give references to the
researchers, students and other related people.
Quantum technology, and especially quantum computing, is advancing rapidly. Our every-day secure communication infrastructure relies heavily on public key cryptography; unfortunately, many public key schemes are in fact insecure against quantum algorithms. Furthermore, adversaries who, today, capture information encrypted using classical key distribution systems, can wait and, as soon as quantum computers of sufficient power become available, they may decipher all previously captured information. While some new “post-quantum” public key systems are assumed to be secure against quantum computers, this is only an assumption and, even if the assumption remains valid, still results in systems that are less efficient for end-users than the more commonly used public key systems employed today. While the advent of quantum technology may seem detrimental to security, in fact, one may harness the power of quantum through quantum key distribution (QKD) for stronger security guarantees. Such QKD protocols allow two (or more) parties to establish a shared secret key, secure against an all-powerful adversary. Perhaps surprising is that QKD technology is already here both experimentally and commercially. This tutorial serves as an introduction to basic QKD along with QKD technology from a practical perspective. Quantum communication is a highly interdisciplinary field of research and one of the goals of this article is to introduce a larger set of researchers and practitioners to its study in the hopes of furthering its progress and eventual wide-scale adoption.
Quantum information processing and quantum communication are novel protocols that originate from the very fundamental and philosophical questions on superposition and entanglement raised since the early days of quantum mechanics. Strikingly, these new protocols offer capabilities beyond communication task possible with classical physics. One very important example is the secure key exchange based on the transmission of individual quantum signals between communication partners. The big vision and frontier in the field of quantum communication research is the development of a Quantum Internet, which establishes entanglement between many different users and devices. Extending today’s internet, the Quantum Internet will readily transfer quantum bits, rather than classical bits, between users near and far and over multiple different channels and could be used for secure communications, quantum computer networks and metrological applications. I will discuss recent advances on implementations and tools useful for generating and distributing photonic quantum entanglement over robust channels including. Time-bin encoding and reference-frame-free protocols. I will also present an overview of the upcoming Canadian quantum communication satellite QEYSSAT.
With the recent advancements and developments in quantum technologies, the emerging field of quantum communication and networking has gained the attention of the researchers. Owing to the unique properties of quantum mechanics, viz., quantum superposition and entanglement, this new area of quantum communication has shown potential to replace modernday communication technologies. The enhanced security and high information sharing ability using principles of quantum mechanics has encouraged networking engineers and physicists to develop this technology for next generation wireless systems. However, a conceptual bridge between the fundamentals of quantum mechanics, photonics and the deployability of a quantum communication infrastructure is not well founded in the current literature. This paper aims to fill this gap by merging the theoretical concepts from quantum physics to the engineering and computing perspectives of quantum technology. This paper builds the fundamental concepts required for understanding quantum communication, reviews the key concepts and demonstrates how these concepts can be leveraged for accomplishing successful communication. The paper delves into implementation advancements for executing quantum communication protocols, explaining how hardware implementation enables the achievement of all basic quantum computing operations. Finally, the paper provides a comprehensive and critical review of the state-of-the-art advancements in the field of quantum communication and quantum internet; and points out the recent trends, challenges and open problems for the real-world realization of next generation networking systems.