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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Space-time quantum imaging

Ronald E. Meyers, Keith S. Deacon, Arnold D. Tunick

Published Sep 26, 2013• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report on an experimental demonstration of quantum imaging where the images are stored in both space and time. Quantum images of remote objects are produced with rotating ground glass induced chaotic laser light and two sensors measuring at different space-time points. Quantum images are observed to move depending on the time delay between the sensor measurements. The experiments provide a new testbed for exploring the time and space scale fundamental physics of quantum imaging and suggest new pathways for quantum information storage and processing. The moved quantum images are in fact new images that are stored in a space-time virtual memory process. The images are stored within the same quantum imaging data sets and thus quantum imaging can produce more information per photon measured than was previously realized.

DOI
10.1117/12.2028190

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We report on an experimental demonstration of quantum imaging where the images are stored in both space and time. Quantum images of remote objects are produced with rotating ground glass induced chaotic laser light and two sensors measuring at different space-time points. Quantum images are observed to move depending on the time delay between the sensor measurements. The experiments provide a new testbed for exploring the time and space scale fundamental physics of quantum imaging and suggest new pathways for quantum information storage and processing. The moved quantum images are in fact new images that are stored in a space-time virtual memory process. The images are stored within the same quantum imaging data sets and thus quantum imaging can produce more information per photon measured than was previously realized.
We experimentally demonstrate turbulence-free space-time quantum imaging. Quantum images of remote objects are produced with two sensors measuring at different space-time points under turbulent conditions. The quantum images generated move depending on the time delay between the two sensor measurements and the speed of a rotating ground glass that is part of a chaotic laser light source. For small delay times turbulence has virtually no adverse affect on the moving quantum images. The experimental setup and findings contribute to understanding the fundamentals of multi-photon quantum interference in complex media. Furthermore, the space-time memory demonstrated in our research provides important new pathways for investigating quantum imaging, quantum information storage and quantum computing. The turbulence-free space-time quantum imaging procedure greatly increases the information content of each photon measured. The moved quantum images are in fact new images that are stored in a space-time virtual memory process. The images are stored within the same quantum imaging data sets and thus quantum imaging can produce more information per photon measured than was previously realized.
We report on an experimental and theoretical investigation of quantum imaging where the images are stored in both space and time. Ghost images of remote objects are produced with either one or two beams of chaotic laser light generated by a rotating ground glass and two sensors measuring the reference field and bucket field at different space-time points. We further observe that the ghost images translate depending on the time delay between the sensor measurements. The ghost imaging experiments are performed both with and without turbulence. A discussion of the physics of the space-time imaging is presented in terms of quantum nonlocal two-photon analysis to support the experimental results. The theoretical model includes certain phase factors of the rotating ground glass. These experiments demonstrated a means to investigate the time and space aspects of ghost imaging and showed that ghost imaging contains more information per measured photon than was previously recognized where multiple ghost images are stored within the same ghost imaging data sets. This suggests new pathways to explore quantum information stored not only in multi-photon coincidence information but also in time delayed multi-photon interference. The research is applicable to making enhanced space-time quantum images and videos of moving objects where the images are stored in both space and time.
We experimentally demonstrate quantum imaging where the images are stored in both space and time. Quantum images of remote objects are produced with either one or two beams of chaotic laser light and two sensors measuring the reference field and bucket field at different space-time points. Chaotic laser light is produced by laser light passing through rotating ground glass. Experiments were performed in both turbulent and nonturbulent conditions. Interestingly, quantum images are produced using the two sensors of quantum imaging when both single and double beams are implemented in the experimental setup. Also, we observed that the quantum images move depending on the time delay between the sensor measurements. The experiments provide a new testbed for exploring the time and space scale fundamental physics of quantum imaging and suggest new pathways for quantum information storage and processing. The research is applicable to making ghost imaging movies of moving objects and implementation of space-time imaging for enhanced imaging.
Distinct from previous principle-demonstrations, this practical quantum ghost imaging experiment presents the first set of two-photon images captured by a photon counting CCD camera by means of jointly counting 'reflected' photons from the object. In fact, the CCD camera was not 'looking' at the object at all. Rather, the CCD camera was facing the chaotic light source. The output of the CCD camera was used for coincidence registration of the two-photon joint-detection events with another photon counting detector which simply collects all randomly reflected photons from the surface of the object. It is also interesting to find that the observed two-photon images are 'distortion-free', i.e., any disturbances made along the light path has no effect on the quality of the image. These experimental observations are not only useful for practical field-applications, but also important from fundamental point of view. The experiment evidences a rejection of the 'projection shadow' idea in a non-deniable way and further explores the two-photon interference nature of thermal light ghost imaging.
We aim at developing novel imaging instruments that exploit the intrinsic spatio-temporal correlations of astronomical light sources to bring the quantum advantage in space imaging. These novel instruments differ from standard imaging systems in the way images are retrieved. Conventional images are obtained from direct measurement of the intensity of light coming from the object of interest and recorded by a sensor. Here, instead, we first register optical intensities on two disjoint sensors, and then measure correlations between them. After a brief overview on the state of the art of quantum imaging for space objects, we describe the working principle of Correlation Plenoptic Imaging, which enables to perform 3D imaging and refocusing of out-of-focus objects, and a possible application to satellite imaging.
Since the early days of quantum mechanics, physicists have been puzzled by the counterintuitive consequences of entanglement. Quantum imaging is one of the most intriguing effects exhibiting the typical nonlocal behavior of entangled states and has in fact stimulated an intense debate regarding fundamental issues of quantum theory. Recently, particular attention has been given to the possibility of simulating quantum imaging classically, that is, without entanglement. The study of quantum imaging has also lead to useful practical applications such as high precision nonlocal timing-positioning and quantum lithography, in which measurements may achieve resolution even beyond the classical limits. In this paper, we first introduce the concept of quantum imaging and emphasize its peculiar quantum nature through a set of inequalities derived from the historical argument of Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen (EPR). The EPR inequalities are the quantitative formulation of the very different physics governing entangled and separable systems. We show that two-photon imaging may achieve its fundamental limit only through nonlocal measurements realized on entangled photon pairs. Furthermore, we show that quantum imaging may be exploited to overcome the Rayleigh diffraction limit; this is the basic idea behind quantum lithography. Finally, we discuss the possibility of extending the coherent two-photon imaging typical of entangled photon pairs to incoherent coincidence imaging, by employing chaotic light. From an applicative viewpoint, chaotic radiation may represent the ideal candidate for mimicking quantum ghost imaging, provided adequate detection schemes are developed.