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Journal of Mathematical Physics

Two-mode para-Bose coherent states

G. M. Saxena, C. L. Mehta

Published Dec 1, 1985• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

The construction of eigenstates of the square of annihilation operators for a two-mode para-Bose system is reported. Bose coherent states can be deduced from these eigenstates as a special case. These states are termed para-Bose coherent states. These states are degenerate. The expansion of the coherent states in terms of two-mode para-Bose energy eigenstates has been obtained and their salient properties are discussed. Also discussed is the uncertainty product of the square of position and momentum operators in the para-Bose coherent states for a two-mode system.

DOI
10.1063/1.526694

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The construction of eigenstates of the square of annihilation operators for a two-mode para-Bose system is reported. Bose coherent states can be deduced from these eigenstates as a special case. These states are termed para-Bose coherent states. These states are degenerate. The expansion of the coherent states in terms of two-mode para-Bose energy eigenstates has been obtained and their salient properties are discussed. Also discussed is the uncertainty product of the square of position and momentum operators in the para-Bose coherent states for a two-mode system.
In place of the usual commutation relation [â,â†]=1 we consider the generalized commutation relation characteristic of the para-Bose oscillators, viz, [â, Ĥ]=Ĥ where Ĥ is the Hamiltonian (1/2)(ââ†+â†â). The number states and the representation of various operators in the basis formed by these states are obtained. We then introduce the para-Bose coherent states defined as the eigenstates of â for this generalized case. We consider some of the properties of these coherent states and also show that the uncertainty product 〈 (Δq̂)2〉 〈 (Δp̂)2〉 in this case could be made arbitrarily small.
The energy, position, and momentum eigenstates of a para-Bose oscillator system were considered in paper I. Here we consider the Bargmann or the analytic function description of the para-Bose system. This brings in, in a natural way, the coherent states ‖z;α〉 defined as the eigenstates of the annihilation operator ?. The transformation functions relating this description to the energy, position, and momentum eigenstates are explicitly obtained. Possible resolution of the identity operator using coherent states is examined. A particular resolution contains two integrals, one containing the diagonal basis ‖z;α〉〈z;α‖ and the other containing the pseudodiagonal basis ‖z;α〉〈−z;α‖. We briefly consider the normal and antinormal ordering of the operators and their diagonal and discrete diagonal coherent state approximations. The problem of constructing states with a minimum value of the product of the position and momentum uncertainties and the possible α dependence of this minimum value is considered.
This is a pedagogical paper where we present a physically motivated approach to introduce the coherent states of a harmonic oscillator from which it is simple to rigorously derive their mathematical definition. We do this in two different ways that turn out to be equivalent but emphasize two related but different aspects of classicality. First, we analyze which are the quantum states that are the closest one can get to a point in phase space and demonstrate the validity of the following theorem: (i) The product of the uncertainty in position and that of momentum saturates the bound imposed by Heisenberg uncertainty relations for all times if and only if the state is an eigenstate of the annihilation operator. Second, we analyze the way in which the difference between the expectation value of the energy and the energy associated with the expectation values of position and momentum depends on the state, and show the validity of the following theorem (ii) the difference between the expectation value of the energy and the energy associated with the expectation values is minimal if and only if the state is an eigenstate of the annihilation operator. We also show that the reason why coherent states are chosen as the most classical ones by the decoherence process induced by coupling the particle to an environment in the standard Quantum Brownian motion model, is precisely due to the validity of the two above theorems.
Generalized and Gaussian coherent states constructed for quantum system with degeneracies in the energy spectrum are compared with respect to some minimal definitions and fundamental properties they have to satisfy. The generalized coherent states must be eigenstates of a certain annihilation operator that has to be properly defined in the presence of degeneracies. The Gaussian coherent states are, in the particular harmonic oscillator case, an approximation of the generalized coherent states and so the localizability in phase space of the particle in those states is very good. For other quantum systems, this last property serves as a definition of those Gaussian coherent states. The example of a particle in a two-dimensional square box is thus revisited having in mind the preceding definitions of generalized and Gaussian coherent states and also the preservation of the important property known as the resolution of the identity operator.
Coherent states are constructed in p=2-parasupersymmetric quantum mechanics in connection with the two relative para-Bose and para-Fermi sets of trilinear structure relations. They are called parasupercoherent states. Parasupersymmetric operators [such as the Hamiltonian and (two) annihilation operators] are introduced and discussed. In particular, the parasuperspectrum is determined and compared with the recent results obtained by Rubakov and Spiridonov [Mod. Phys. Lett. A 3, 1337 (1988)]. The superalgebra contents subtended by osp(2/2) and osp(3/2) are analyzed and exploited in order to get constants of motion in both contexts through parallel properties on the supersymmetric harmonic oscillator.