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Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials

The magnetization curve calculations of the Ising ferromagnet with S = 1

J. Mielnicki, G. Wiatrowski, T. Balcerzak

Published Jul 1, 1987• 5 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/0304-8853(87)90199-5

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Paramagnetism could be explained by assuming that all spins are independent. To explain the phenomenon of permanent magnetization or ferromagnetism therefore, one must take into account the interaction between spins. In ferromagnets there must therefore be another force that tends to align the elementary magnets or spins. The mechanism for this alignment force was discovered by Heisenberg in 1928. It is quantum mechanical in origin and is called the exchange force. It is a subtle interplay between the Pauli principle and the Coulomb potential. The one-dimensional Ising model behaves therefore as a paramagnet! When Ising first derived this result, he conjectured that the higher-dimensional analogues would probably behave in the same way. The Ising model becomes equivalent to a contour model. The lines on the dual lattice separate into connected pieces which are either closed curves or curves which begin and end at the boundary of the lattice. These curves are called contours.