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Mathematics of the USSR-Izvestiya

LINEAR BOSON MODELS OF TIME EVOLUTION IN QUANTUM STATISTICAL MECHANICS

Yu. M. Suhov

Published Feb 28, 1985• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

This paper contains a construction of time evolution for linear boson models of quantum statistical mechanics. The main result is a theorem on convergence to a quasifree moment functional in the course of linear time evolution. A connection between linear evolution of the moment functional and evolution of the corresponding state of an infinite quantum system is discussed. Bibliography: 30 titles.

DOI
10.1070/im1985v024n01abeh001219

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This paper contains a construction of time evolution for linear boson models of quantum statistical mechanics. The main result is a theorem on convergence to a quasifree moment functional in the course of linear time evolution. A connection between linear evolution of the moment functional and evolution of the corresponding state of an infinite quantum system is discussed. Bibliography: 30 titles.
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The aim of this paper is to give a review of some recent results concerning the problem of constructing and studying time evolution for quantum systems with infinitely many degrees of freedom. The first rigorous results in this direction are due to O. E. Lanford and D. W. Robinson [17–20], see also [13], Ch. 5.3. An approach to this problem has been proposed by O. Bratteli and D. W. Robinson [12], see also [13], Ch. 6.3. Among recent papers we refer to [1–3], [10–11], [16], [24]. These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
The time evolution of quantum fields is shown to be equivalent to a time-symmetric Fokker-Planck equation.Results are obtained using a Q-function representation, including fermion-fermion, boson-boson, and fermion-boson interactions with linear, quadratic, cubic, and quartic Hamiltonians, typical of QED and many other cases.For local boson-boson coupling, the resulting probability distribution is proved to have a positive, time-symmetric path integral and action principle, leading to a forward-backward stochastic process in both time directions.The solution corresponds to a c-number field equilibrating in an additional dimension.Paths are stochastic trajectories of fields in space-time, which are samples of a statistical mechanical steady state in a higher-dimensional space.We derive numerical methods and examples of solutions to the resulting stochastic partial differential equations in a higher time dimension, giving agreement with examples of simple bosonic quantum dynamics.This approach may lead to useful computational techniques for quantum field theory, as well as to new ontological models of physical reality.
In this paper we give a partial answer to the problem: When does an initially non-negative Wigner function remain non-negative under the effect of the time evolution? We show that, for pure states, this is the case for linear systems only; to prove this we use the fact that the Wigner function is non-negative if and only if the wavefunction is Gaussian. We also prove that the Green’s solution of the evolution equation of the Wigner function, which in the framework of probability theory corresponds to the conditional probability density, takes on negative values. We utilize a theorem, about moments, borrowed from Pawula. We conclude that the Wigner phase-space formulation of quantum mechanics cannot receive a genuine probabilistic interpretation.
The Statistical Mechanics of the N-particle system is derived from Quantum Random Field Theory. An asymptotically measure preserving, flow operator has been obtained from the QFT evolution operator. A basic assumption is that the field Lagrangian is a generalized, infinitely divisible random field, and the interaction Hamiltonian varies in time in a step-wise manner at the transition lattice space-time points. Macroscopic boundary conditions are imposed on the wave functions. The density matrix, the partition function, the Bose-Einstein, the Fermi-Dirac distributions and the thermodynamic temperature follow. The equilibrium or non-equilibrium temperature have been obtained as functionals of the interaction Hamiltonian. The chemical potential has also been derived from the theory.