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Czechoslovak Journal of Physics

Pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonians: tale of two potentials

Hugh F Jones, J. Mateo

Published Sep 1, 2005• 13 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s10582-005-0116-9

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Searching for non-Hermitian (parity-time)$\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric Hamiltonians \cite{bender} with real spectra has been acquiring much interest for fourteen years. In this article, we have introduced a $\mathcal{PT}$ symmetric non-Hermitian Hamiltonian model which is given as $\hat{\mathcal{H}}=ω(\hat{b}^\dagger\hat{b}+\frac{1}{2})+ α(\hat{b}^{2}-(\hat{b}^\dagger)^{2})$ where $ω$ and $α$ are real constants, $\hat{b}$ and $\hat{b^\dagger}$ are first order differential operators. Moreover, Pseudo-Hermiticity that is a generalization of $\mathcal{PT}$ symmetry has been attracting a growing interest \cite{mos}. Because the Hamiltonian $\mathcal{H}$ is pseudo-Hermitian, we have obtained the Hermitian equivalent of $\mathcal{H}$ which is in Sturm- Liouville form leads to exactly solvable potential models which are effective screened potential and hyperbolic Rosen-Morse II potential. $\mathcal{H}$ is called pseudo-Hermitian, if there exists a Hermitian and invertible operator $η$ satisfying $\mathcal{H^\dagger}=η\mathcal{H} η^{-1}$. For the Hermitian Hamiltonian $h$, one can write $h=ρ\mathcal{H} ρ^{-1}$ where $ρ=\sqrtη$ is unitary. Using this $ρ$ we have obtained a physical Hamiltonian $h$ for each case. Then, the Schrödinger equation is solved exactly using Shape Invariance method of Supersymmetric Quantum Mechanics \cite{susy1}. Mapping function $ρ$ is obtained for each potential case.

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A complexi…ed von Roos Hamiltonian is considered and a Hermitian …rst-order intertwining di¤erential operator is used to obtain the related position dependent mass -weak-pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonians. Two user -friendly reference-target maps are introduced to serve for exactsolvability of some non-Hermitian -weak-pseudo-Hermitian position dependent mass Hamiltonians. A non-Hermitian PT -symmetric Scarf II and a non-Hermitian periodic-type PT -symmetric Samsonov-Roy potentials are used as reference models in a user-friendly reference-target map and the corresponding isospectral Hamiltonians are obtained. It is observed that for each exactly-solvable reference Hamiltonian there is a corresponding set of exactly-solvable target Hamiltonians. PACS numbers: 03.65.Ge, 03.65.Fd, 03.65.Ca

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Pseudo-Hermiticity versus PT Symmetry: The structure responsible for the reality of the spectrum of a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian

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We introduce the notion of pseudo-Hermiticity and show that every Hamiltonian with a real spectrum is pseudo-Hermitian. We point out that all the PT-symmetric non-Hermitian Hamiltonians studied in the literature belong to the class of pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonians, and argue that the basic structure responsible for the particular spectral properties of these Hamiltonians is their pseudo-Hermiticity. We explore the basic properties of general pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonians, develop pseudo-supersymmetric quantum mechanics, and study some concrete examples, namely the Hamiltonian of the two-component Wheeler-DeWitt equation for the FRW-models coupled to a real massive scalar field and a class of pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonians with a real spectrum.

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PT\mathcal{PT}PT Symmetric Hamiltonian Model and Exactly Solvable Potentials
Searching for non-Hermitian (parity-time)PT\mathcal{PT}PT-symmetric Hamiltonians \cite{bender} with real spectra has been acquiring much interest for fourteen years. In this article, we have introduced a PT\mathcal{PT}PT symmetric non-Hermitian Hamiltonian model which is given as H^=ω(b^†b^+12)+α(b^2−(b^†)2)\hat{\mathcal{H}}=ω(\hat{b}^\dagger\hat{b}+\frac{1}{2})+ α(\hat{b}^{2}-(\hat{b}^\dagger)^{2})H^=ω(b^†b^+21​)+α(b^2−(b^†)2) where ωωω and ααα are real constants, b^\hat{b}b^ and b†^\hat{b^\dagger}b†^ are first order differential operators. Moreover, Pseudo-Hermiticity that is a generalization of PT\mathcal{PT}PT symmetry has been attracting a growing interest \cite{mos}. Because the Hamiltonian H\mathcal{H}H is pseudo-Hermitian, we have obtained the Hermitian equivalent of H\mathcal{H}H which is in Sturm- Liouville form leads to exactly solvable potential models which are effective screened potential and hyperbolic Rosen-Morse II potential. H\mathcal{H}H is called pseudo-Hermitian, if there exists a Hermitian and invertible operator ηηη satisfying H†=ηHη−1\mathcal{H^\dagger}=η\mathcal{H} η^{-1}H†=ηHη−1. For the Hermitian Hamiltonian hhh, one can write h=ρHρ−1h=ρ\mathcal{H} ρ^{-1}h=ρHρ−1 where ρ=ηρ=\sqrtηρ=η​ is unitary. Using this ρρρ we have obtained a physical Hamiltonian hhh for each case. Then, the Schrödinger equation is solved exactly using Shape Invariance method of Supersymmetric Quantum Mechanics \cite{susy1}. Mapping function ρρρ is obtained for each potential case.
Non-Hermitian von Roos Hamiltonian's η\etaη-weak-pseudo-Hermiticity and exact solvability
A complexi…ed von Roos Hamiltonian is considered and a Hermitian …rst-order intertwining di¤erential operator is used to obtain the related position dependent mass -weak-pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonians. Two user -friendly reference-target maps are introduced to serve for exactsolvability of some non-Hermitian -weak-pseudo-Hermitian position dependent mass Hamiltonians. A non-Hermitian PT -symmetric Scarf II and a non-Hermitian periodic-type PT -symmetric Samsonov-Roy potentials are used as reference models in a user-friendly reference-target map and the corresponding isospectral Hamiltonians are obtained. It is observed that for each exactly-solvable reference Hamiltonian there is a corresponding set of exactly-solvable target Hamiltonians. PACS numbers: 03.65.Ge, 03.65.Fd, 03.65.Ca
We introduce the notion of pseudo-Hermiticity and show that every Hamiltonian with a real spectrum is pseudo-Hermitian. We point out that all the PT-symmetric non-Hermitian Hamiltonians studied in the literature belong to the class of pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonians, and argue that the basic structure responsible for the particular spectral properties of these Hamiltonians is their pseudo-Hermiticity. We explore the basic properties of general pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonians, develop pseudo-supersymmetric quantum mechanics, and study some concrete examples, namely the Hamiltonian of the two-component Wheeler-DeWitt equation for the FRW-models coupled to a real massive scalar field and a class of pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonians with a real spectrum.