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Journal of Physics A Mathematical and General

Exact solutions of Schrodinger's equation for translation-invariant harmonic matter

Richard L. Hall

Published Jul 1, 1978• 13 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Continuation of previous work (ibid., vol.11, no.7, p.1227 (1978)). Earlier exact solutions of Schrodinger's equation for translation-invariant systems of particles interacting by Hooke's law pair potentials are augmented to include systems consisting of an arbitrary number S of groups of identical particles. Exact solutions can always be found whenever the number of distinct masses plus the number of distinct coupling constants does not exceed (2S+1). The case S=2 is solved in detail and is applied to show that harmonic matter is never stable.

DOI
10.1088/0305-4470/11/7/011

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Continuation of previous work (ibid., vol.11, no.7, p.1227 (1978)). Earlier exact solutions of Schrodinger's equation for translation-invariant systems of particles interacting by Hooke's law pair potentials are augmented to include systems consisting of an arbitrary number S of groups of identical particles. Exact solutions can always be found whenever the number of distinct masses plus the number of distinct coupling constants does not exceed (2S+1). The case S=2 is solved in detail and is applied to show that harmonic matter is never stable.
It is shown that Schrodinger's equation for a translation-invariant system consisting of N particles with arbitrary masses interacting via Hooke's law pair potentials with the same coupling constant can be solved exactly; explicit solutions are found for the case N=3. Exact solutions are also found explicitly for the translation-invariant problem in which a particle with mass m 0 interacts with N identical particles of mass m 1 via a Hooke's law pair potential with coupling constant k 0 2 , and the identical particles interact with each other via Hooke's law pair potentials with coupling constant k 1 2 . The latter solution provides a basis problem for an energy lower-bound method for translation-invariant atom-like systems.
For pt.II see Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. A, vol.384, no.1786, p.89-105 (1982). A procedure for solving the few-particle Schrodinger equation exactly is applied to a model system consisting of two identical particles and a massive third particle. The type of interaction potential is not specified except that it should not diverge more rapidly than r -2 at the particle positions. Allowable interactions include the Coulomb and the harmonic oscillator potentials. The principles are illustrated by reference to the spatially symmetric states of the system. The solution has the form of a multipole expansion in spherical polar coordinates. The radial dependence for each multipole component is defined by a power series including logarithmic terms. Explicit expressions are given for the coefficients in the expansion. Exact coefficients are obtained for low-order terms in the wavefunction of a two-electron atom.
Abstract The resolution of the Schrödinger equation for the translation-invariant N-body harmonic oscillator Hamiltonian in D dimensions with one-body and two-body interactions is performed by diagonalizing a matrix J of order N − 1 . It has been previously established that the diagonalization can be analytically performed in specific situations, such as for N ≤ 5 or for N identical particles. We show that the matrix J is diagonal, and thus the problem can be analytically solved, for any number of arbitrary masses provided some specific relations exist between the coupling constants and the masses. We present analytical expressions for the energies under those constraints.