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International Journal of Theoretical Physics

Two-Mode Maximally Entangled State Generated by the Microtoroid Cavity-Atom System

Xiaohua Wang, 鲍日焰, Yantang Huang

Published Nov 9, 2010• 2 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s10773-010-0554-4

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We investigate the entanglement dynamics of a system comprising a pair of two-level dipole-dipole interacting atoms coupled to a microtoroidal resonator. Each atom is individually coupled with the two counter-propagating whispering gallery modes of the resonator through their evanescent fields. The atom-atom entanglement shown for several parameter sets of the system was obtained using the negativity. For ideal resonators, it is seen that the entanglement is correlated to the dipole-dipole interaction and the average number of photons when the modes of the resonator are prepared in a thermal state even at high temperatures. Further, for the non-ideal resonator case, where there is a small structural deformation of the microtoroidal structure that allows a direct coupling between the modes, a counter-intuitive result is presented. The imperfections also offer the advantage of generating maximally entangled states for a two-atom subsystem with maximum fidelity.
We propose a dissipative scheme to prepare maximally entangled steady states in cavity QED setup, consisting of two two-level atoms interacting with the two counter-propagating whispering-gallery modes (WGMs) of a microtoroidal resonator. Using spontaneous emission and cavity decay as the dissipative quantum dynamical source, we show that the steady state of this system can be steered into a two-atom single state as well as into a two-mode single state. We probed the compound system with weak field coupled to the system via a tapered fiber waveguide, finding it is possible to determine whether the two atoms or two modes are driven to a maximally entangled state. Through the transmission and reflection measurements, without disturbing the atomic state, when the cavity modes are being driven, or without disturbing the cavity field state, when a single atom being driven, one can get the information about the maximal entanglement. We also investigated for both subsystem, two-atom and two-mode states, the entanglement generation and under what conditions one can transfer entanglement from one subsystem to the other. Our scheme can be selectively used to prepare both maximally entangled atomic state as well as maximally entangled cavity-modes state, providing an efficient method for quantum information processing.