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Physical Review A

Scalar and tensor polarizabilities of D2 Rydberg states in Rb

Maurice S. O'Sullivan, Boris Peter Stoicheff

Published Mar 1, 1986• 34 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Two-photon Doppler-free spectroscopy has been used to measure Stark shifts of n ${\mathrm{}}^{2}$D Rydberg states of $^{85}\mathrm{Rb}$ (for n=13--55). Scalar and tensor polarizabilities were determined and found to depend on (${n}^{\mathrm{*}}$${)}^{6}$ and (${n}^{\mathrm{*}}$${)}^{7}$, in agreement with theory. The resulting polarizabilities were used to obtain estimates of radial integrals for D-P transitions.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.33.1640

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We employ doubly resonant two-photon excitation into the $74S$ Rydberg state to spectroscopically measure the dynamic scalar polarizability, ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{0}$, and tensor polarizability, ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{2}$, of rubidium $5{P}_{3/2}$. A cavity-generated 1064-nm optical lattice allows us to reach intensities near $2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{11}\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{W}/{\mathrm{m}}^{2}$, where the atom field is larger than the hyperfine interaction, and magnetic sublevels are well resolved. In the evaluation of the data we use a self-referencing method that renders the polarizability measurement largely free from the intensity calibration of the laser light field. We obtain experimental values ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{0}=\ensuremath{-}1149(\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2.5%)$ and ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{2}=563(\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}4.2%)$, in atomic units. Methods and results are supported by simulations. The results provide an experimental test of atomic-structure calculations used to determine systematic shifts in atomic clocks and to interpret fundamental-physics experiments.

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Polarizabilities of Rydberg states of Rb atoms with n up to 140

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Up to the present, although experimental studies about the polarizabilities of alkali-metal Rydberg atoms have involved the states with principal quantum numbers $n\ensuremath{\le}80$, theoretical calculations are limited to the states with $n\ensuremath{\le}50$. In this work, we calculate the scalar and tensor polarizabilities of the $n{S}_{1/2}$, $n{P}_{1/2,3/2}$, and $n{D}_{3/2,5/2}$ Rydberg states of Rb with principal quantum number $n$ up to 140 employing a model potential and the $B$-spline expansion technique. We obtain the polarizabilities that are in good agreement with the existing theoretical and experimental data.

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Pressure shifts and broadenings of Rb Rydberg states by Ne, Kr, and H2

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Broadening and shift rates for Rb $^{2}\mathrm{S}$ and $^{2}\mathrm{D}$ Rydberg states with principal quantum number n\ensuremath{\sim}10--50 have been measured for Ne, Kr, and ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ perturbers, using the technique of Doppler-free two-photon spectroscopy. From the shift rates at high n, we derived electron scattering lengths of (0.24\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.01)${a}_{0}$ for Ne, (-4.0\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.3)${a}_{0}$ for Kr, and (1.64\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.07)${a}_{0}$ for ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$. For Ne and Kr, these are in good agreement with other experimental values. Also, the n dependence of broadening and shift rates follows theoretical predictions for Ne and Kr, but not for ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$.

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POLARIZABILITIES OF HIGH RYDBERG ALKALI ATOMS

HE XING-HONG, Baiwen Li, ZHANG CHENG-XIU +1 more

A potential model for atoms is employed to calculate the scalar and tensor polarizabilities of Rydberg states (15≤n≤55) of Na, K, Rb and Cs. The results are very close to the experimental values. The scaling relations of the polarizabilities a = An*7 + Bn*6 are also established, and the results obtained from them also agree with experimental data satisfatorily.

Acta Physica Sinica•Jan 1, 1989•14 citations
Two-photon Doppler-free spectroscopy has been used to measure Stark shifts of n 2{\mathrm{}}^{2}2D Rydberg states of 85Rb^{85}\mathrm{Rb}85Rb (for n=13--55). Scalar and tensor polarizabilities were determined and found to depend on ({n}^{\mathrm{*}}$${)}^{6} and ({n}^{\mathrm{*}}$${)}^{7}, in agreement with theory. The resulting polarizabilities were used to obtain estimates of radial integrals for D-P transitions.
Two-photon Doppler-free spectroscopy has been used to measure Stark shifts of n2Sn^{2}Sn2S Rydberg states of 85Rb^{85}\mathrm{Rb}85Rb (for n=15to80n=15 \mathrm{to} 80n=15to80). Scalar polarizabilities ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{0}$ were found to obey the relation ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{0}[\mathrm{in}\mathrm{MHz}/{(\mathrm{V}/\mathrm{cm})}^{2}]=2.202(28)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}9}{n}^{*6}+5.53(13)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}11}{n}^{*7}$, in good agreement with theoretical values. Avoided crossings were also determined, and first avoided crossings (with the $n\ensuremath{-}3$ manifold of levels) fitted the relation $E(\mathrm{in}\mathrm{V}/\mathrm{cm})=4.638(6)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\frac{{10}^{8}}{{n}^{*5}}+1.528(18)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\frac{{10}^{10}}{{n}^{*7}}$.
We employ doubly resonant two-photon excitation into the 74S74S74S Rydberg state to spectroscopically measure the dynamic scalar polarizability, ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{0}$, and tensor polarizability, ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{2}$, of rubidium 5P3/25{P}_{3/2}5P3/2​. A cavity-generated 1064-nm optical lattice allows us to reach intensities near $2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{11}\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{W}/{\mathrm{m}}^{2}$, where the atom field is larger than the hyperfine interaction, and magnetic sublevels are well resolved. In the evaluation of the data we use a self-referencing method that renders the polarizability measurement largely free from the intensity calibration of the laser light field. We obtain experimental values ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{0}=\ensuremath{-}1149(\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2.5%)$ and ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{2}=563(\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}4.2%)$, in atomic units. Methods and results are supported by simulations. The results provide an experimental test of atomic-structure calculations used to determine systematic shifts in atomic clocks and to interpret fundamental-physics experiments.
Up to the present, although experimental studies about the polarizabilities of alkali-metal Rydberg atoms have involved the states with principal quantum numbers $n\ensuremath{\le}80$, theoretical calculations are limited to the states with $n\ensuremath{\le}50$. In this work, we calculate the scalar and tensor polarizabilities of the nS1/2n{S}_{1/2}nS1/2​, nP1/2,3/2n{P}_{1/2,3/2}nP1/2,3/2​, and nD3/2,5/2n{D}_{3/2,5/2}nD3/2,5/2​ Rydberg states of Rb with principal quantum number nnn up to 140 employing a model potential and the BBB-spline expansion technique. We obtain the polarizabilities that are in good agreement with the existing theoretical and experimental data.
Broadening and shift rates for Rb 2S^{2}\mathrm{S}2S and 2D^{2}\mathrm{D}2D Rydberg states with principal quantum number n\ensuremath{\sim}10--50 have been measured for Ne, Kr, and H2{\mathrm{H}}_{2}H2​ perturbers, using the technique of Doppler-free two-photon spectroscopy. From the shift rates at high n, we derived electron scattering lengths of (0.24\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.01)a0{a}_{0}a0​ for Ne, (-4.0\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.3)a0{a}_{0}a0​ for Kr, and (1.64\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.07)a0{a}_{0}a0​ for H2{\mathrm{H}}_{2}H2​. For Ne and Kr, these are in good agreement with other experimental values. Also, the n dependence of broadening and shift rates follows theoretical predictions for Ne and Kr, but not for H2{\mathrm{H}}_{2}H2​.
The Stark effect of the 5 s 2 S 1/2 –5 p 2 P 3/2 transition ( D 2 line) of Rb has been studied by high-resolution atomic-beam laser spectroscopy. The splittings of magnetic sublevels of 5 p 2 P 3/2 have been resolved, and the Stark shifts and splittings of the D 2 line have been measured at various electric fields. The scalar polarizability of the D 2 line and the tensor polarizability of the 5 p 2 P 3/2 level have been determined to be α s (5 p 2 P 3/2 ) - α s (5 s 2 S 1/2 ) = 136.95(89) kHz/(kV/cm) 2 and α t (5 p 2 P 3/2 ) = -40.91(38) kHz/(kV/cm) 2 , respectively, by considering the mixing between hyperfine structure levels of 5 p 2 P 3/2 . The precision of α t (5 p 2 P 3/2 ) has been improved by a factor of 2 compared with the previously reported values.