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Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

High-lying Rydberg states of barium in crossed fields

A M Abdulla, S. D. Hogan, M S Zhan, J-P Connerade

Published Apr 1, 2004• 14 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report recent experimental developments in the study of high-lying Rydberg states of atomic barium in crossed external electric and magnetic fields. By employing a new, high resolution, pulsed laser system in conjunction with the experimental geometry we have previously used, we have been able to extend our investigations closer to the semiclassical limit. We have compiled Stark maps which clearly indicate changes in dynamics that take place as the electric field strength is increased for a fixed magnetic field strength of 1 T. We comment on these changes and draw comparisons with those observed previously at lower principal quantum number, lower spectral resolution and higher magnetic field strength.

DOI
10.1088/0953-4075/37/8/l01

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We report recent experimental developments in the study of high-lying Rydberg states of atomic barium in crossed external electric and magnetic fields. By employing a new, high resolution, pulsed laser system in conjunction with the experimental geometry we have previously used, we have been able to extend our investigations closer to the semiclassical limit. We have compiled Stark maps which clearly indicate changes in dynamics that take place as the electric field strength is increased for a fixed magnetic field strength of 1 T. We comment on these changes and draw comparisons with those observed previously at lower principal quantum number, lower spectral resolution and higher magnetic field strength.
Stark spectra of barium Rydberg states above the classical field-ionization limit have been recorded at high density of states employing high-resolution laser spectroscopy. The spectra, taken at a binding energy of about \ensuremath{\varepsilon}\ensuremath{\approxeq}-55 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$ with respect to zero-field threshold and at electric-field strengths F\ensuremath{\approxeq}100 V/cm exhibit dramatic variations in line profiles with increasing external field strength. The WKB quantum-defect theory of the Stark effect of nonhydrogenic atoms was used to analyze the recorded spectra, and excellent agreement between measured and calculated line profiles was achieved. Core-induced coupling of closed and open hydrogenic Stark channels was found to contribute dominantly to the linewidth of the recorded Stark resonances. In addition, a reformulation of this theory by McNicholl, Ivri, and Bergeman (unpublished) in terms of a configuration-interaction model was employed to analyze a particular avoided crossing of several Stark components. In this way recorded line profiles were parametrized within a limited model to obtain resonance energies, linewidths, and Fano q parameters.
This paper has studied the barium spectra in external magnetic and electric fields on the recently-built system based on a super-conducting solenoid with high stability of better than 1 Gauss. Firstly, we compared the spectra in a high pure magnetic field of B = 4.00000 T for different polarized laser, σ + and σ - . We prove that after a proper shift, the σ + and σ - spectra are completely identical. We also investigated the dependence of the spectral feature in the high magnetic field on an additionally applied crossing electric field. Along with the increase of the electric field, there is an energy shift for every spectral line. Based on a transformative Hamiltonian, we explained this energy shift well.
We present observations of Stark spectra of barium in highly excited Rydberg states in the energy region around n = 35. The one-photon excitation concerns the π transition. The observed Stark spectra at electric fields ranging from 0 to 60 V·cm −1 are well explained by the diagonalization of the Hamiltonian incorporating the core effects. From the Stark maps, the anti-crossings between energy levels are identified experimentally and theoretically. The time of flight spectra at the specified Stark states are recorded, where the deceleration and acceleration of barium atoms are observed. This is very consistent with the prediction derived from the Stark maps from the point of view of energy conservation.
We have measured the locations and widths of the avoided level crossings between (n+3)s states and n,k Stark states in Rydberg Rb atoms with principal quantum numbers n between 16 and 25. We use two-step laser excitation to excite (n+3)s states in the presence of an electric field and observe a change in the number of atoms driven to higher-lying states by blackbody radiation as the electric field is tuned through the avoided level crossings. We have measured both the positions and widths of the avoided crossings. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.