Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Journal of Applied Physics

Destruction and enhancement of photonic band gap and coherent localization of optical fields in functional photonic crystals

Seyed M. Sadeghi, X. Li, Wei‐Ping Huang, W. Li

Published Jun 15, 2007• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We use electromagnetically induced transparency combined with coherent enhancement of refractive index in the conduction intersubband transitions of a n-doped quantum well structure to study one-dimensional functional (active) photonic band gap structures. In the absence of a control laser field, such structures act as conventional photonic band gaps created by off-resonant (background) refractive index perturbations. In the presence of the control field, they are transformed into resonant structures with transitions around the Bragg wavelength. We show that this process can be used to (i) destroy the band gap, making the structure fully transparent around the Bragg wavelength, or (ii) coherently tune the band gap while enhancing its width by nearly a factor of 2. Using these phenomena we then study coherent localization of electromagnetic modes in photonic band gap structures without having any structural defects. Such a localization process here happens via partial illumination of such structures by the control field, generating electromagnetically induced optical defects. We show that the phase associated with such defects can be adjusted by the control field, allowing us to generate tunable electromagnetically induced transmission resonances (or photonic electromagnetically induced transparency) within the band gap.

DOI
10.1063/1.2749422

Related papers

Functional photonic band gap structures based on electromagnetically induced transparency in the conduction intersubband transitions of quantum wells

Wei Li, Seyed M. Sadeghi, Xun Li +1 more

In an active photonic band gap structure, a control laser can manipulate the probe signal coherently if the probe field satisfies the Bragg condition and is resonant or near resonant with the electronic or excitonic transitions of the constituting material structure. Using coherent effects in the conduction intersubband transitions of an n-doped quantum well, recently, we showed that one could convert a fully transparent waveguide into an active photonic band gap. Such an active photonic band gap was different from those based on superradiant excitons in two main issues: (i) the probe field was near resonant with the conduction intersubband transitions of the quantum well, and (ii) one needed a control field to generate the coherent effects and, thereafter, the band gap. Here we use such coherent processes, which include electromagnetically induced transparency and coherent enhancement of refractive index, to study a one-dimensional functional photonic band gap structure. In the absence of a control laser field such a structure acts as a conventional photonic band gap created by an off-resonant (background) refractive index perturbation. In other words, the probe field does not feel any resonance in this structure and the photonic band gap is passive. In the presence of the control field, the structure is activated and transformed into a resonant structure. Under this condition, the probe field becomes near resonant with the intersubband transitions while still satisfies the Bragg condition. We study how the coherent effects in such transitions can lead to destruction and enhancement of the photonic band gap in a waveguide structure.

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•Sep 13, 2007•1 citation

Functional photonic superstructures: Coherent formation of active-passive photonic band gap heterostructures and photonic subbands

Seyed M. Sadeghi, W. Li, Xinxin Li +1 more

We propose coherently generated photonic heterostructures using a functional photonic superstructure. In the absence of a laser field (control field), such a structure exhibits a conventional passive (off-resonant) photonic band gap. When a region(s) of such a structure is illuminated by the control field, coherent enhancement of refractive index increases the refractive index perturbations of that region, while electromagnetically induced transparency keeps it lossless. This forms a photonic heterostructure consisting of a passive (unilluminated region) and an active (illuminated region) photonic band gap structures. Using such a superstructure, we study a coherently generated photonic quantum well structure wherein two active photonic band gaps sandwich a passive region. We show that, since the active photonic band gaps are roughly twice wider than the passive band gap, they form two photonic barriers around the transparency band located at the longer wavelength side of the passive photonic band gap. This leads to formation of resonant transparency states or photonic subbands, similar to the conduction or valence subbands in electronic quantum well structures. We show that the energies and linewidths of such photonic subbands can be coherently controlled by just adjusting the control field beam.

Physical Review B•Mar 10, 2008•5 citations

Optical switching of one-dimensional photonic band gaps and coherent generation of dark and bright optical lattices in quantum wells

Seyed M. Sadeghi, W. Li, Xinxin Li +1 more

We propose one-dimensional bright and dark optical lattices where Bragg scattering occurs, respectively, via periodic generation of gain without inversion and electromagnetically induced absorption in the absence of any refractive index perturbation. The absorption and gain processes are caused by quantum interference in the conduction intersubband transitions of a corrugated $n$-doped quantum well structure interacting with an intense infrared laser. The quantum well structure is embedded between two optical confinement layers, forming a periodic structure with a Bragg wavelength similar to that of the intersubband transition between the second and third conduction subbands of the quantum well. We show that in the absence of the intense infrared laser this transition is transparent, and the periodic structure forms a passive one-dimensional photonic gap generated by the background refractive index contrast of the corrugated region. In the presence of this laser, the intersubband transition is influenced by the quantum coherence effects, causing dramatic changes in the photonic band gap. We show that when one adjusts the intensity and wavelength of such a laser properly these effects can (i) destroy the one-dimensional photonic band gap, and (ii) form periodic regions of gain without inversion or electromagnetically induced loss, while the index perturbation is completely canceled out. Such bright and dark optical lattices can scatter a light at Bragg wavelength when its frequency is the same or close to that of the intersubband transition.

Physical Review B•Jan 4, 2006•8 citations

Tunable three photonic band-gaps coherently induced in one-dimensional cold atomic lattices

Nuo Ba, Lei Wang, Yan Zhang

Using the technique of electromagnetically induced transparency, three photonic bandgaps can be established and manipulated at any time due to the refraction modulated periodically by the one-dimensional optical lattice in a tripod atomic system which is trapped in a one-dimensional optical lattice with a Gaussian density distribution. Using the density-matrix equations to describe the interaction between laser and atoms and the transfer-matrix equation to describe the scattering of light waves in periodic media, we can obtain the steady reflection and transmission spectra. It can be found that the position and width as well as the reflectivity of the photonic band-gap could be tuned by changing the detunings and intensities of the coupling fields and the geometric Bragg detuning.

Acta Physica Sinica•Jan 1, 2014•2 citations

Coherent control of optical processes in a resonant medium

Christopher O’Brien

The resonant absorption, emission, and scattering of light are the fundamental optical processes that have been used both to probe matter and to manipulate light itself. In the last decade there has been essential progress in coherent control of both linear and nonlinear optical responses based on resonant excitation of atomic coherence in multilevel quantum systems. Some interesting and useful phenomena, resulting from coherent control of absorption and the group index, such as electromagnetically induced transparency, lasing without inversion, and ultra-slow group velocity of light have been widely studied. This work is focused on coherent control of refractive index and resonant fluorescence in multilevel medium. \n \nWe suggest two promising schemes for resonant enhancement of the refractive index with eliminated absorption and propose their implementation in transition element doped crystals with excited state absorption and in a cell of Rb atoms at natural abundance. We show how to use one of these schemes for spatial variation of the refractive index via its periodic resonant increase/decrease, remarkably keeping at the same time zero absorption/gain. It opens the way to production of transparent photonic structures (such as distributed Bragg reflectors, holey fibers, or photonic crystals) in a homogeneous resonant atomic media such as dielectrics with homogeneously distributed impurities, atomic, or molecular gases. These optically produced photonic structures could easily be controlled (including switching on/off, changing amplitude and period of modulation) and would be highly selective in frequency, naturally limited by the width of the optical resonance. \n \nWe also derive the optical fluorescence spectra of a three-level medium driven by two coherent fields at the adjacent transitions in a general case when all three transitions are allowed. We show that coherent driving can efficiently control the distribution of intensities between the fluorescent channels. In particular, the total intensity of fluorescence at the transition which is not driven by the optical fields may essentially exceed the fluorescence intensity at the driven transitions under the condition of two-photon resonance. This counter-intuitive effect is due to depletion of the intermediate state via atomic interference.

•Dec 1, 2011•0 citations

Controlling the One-Dimensional Photonic Crystal Bandgap Structures Via Manipulation of Electromagnetically Induced Transparency Atomic Vapor

Xu Sen

Using the Transfer matrix method to reserch the one-dimensional photonic crystal bandgap structure which is made of electromagnetically induced transparency atomic vapor.The results show that the photonic crystal bandgap can be manipulated by varying the refractive index of electromagnetically induced transparency atomic vapor.The EIT atomic vapor relative refractive index gradually increasing with the Rabi frequency.With the Rabi frequency gradually increasing,the band gap of the photonic crystal becomes more and more narrow,but the change is becoming slower.

Chinese Journal of Spectroscopy Laboratory•Jan 1, 2013•0 citations
We use electromagnetically induced transparency combined with coherent enhancement of refractive index in the conduction intersubband transitions of a n-doped quantum well structure to study one-dimensional functional (active) photonic band gap structures. In the absence of a control laser field, such structures act as conventional photonic band gaps created by off-resonant (background) refractive index perturbations. In the presence of the control field, they are transformed into resonant structures with transitions around the Bragg wavelength. We show that this process can be used to (i) destroy the band gap, making the structure fully transparent around the Bragg wavelength, or (ii) coherently tune the band gap while enhancing its width by nearly a factor of 2. Using these phenomena we then study coherent localization of electromagnetic modes in photonic band gap structures without having any structural defects. Such a localization process here happens via partial illumination of such structures by the control field, generating electromagnetically induced optical defects. We show that the phase associated with such defects can be adjusted by the control field, allowing us to generate tunable electromagnetically induced transmission resonances (or photonic electromagnetically induced transparency) within the band gap.
In an active photonic band gap structure, a control laser can manipulate the probe signal coherently if the probe field satisfies the Bragg condition and is resonant or near resonant with the electronic or excitonic transitions of the constituting material structure. Using coherent effects in the conduction intersubband transitions of an n-doped quantum well, recently, we showed that one could convert a fully transparent waveguide into an active photonic band gap. Such an active photonic band gap was different from those based on superradiant excitons in two main issues: (i) the probe field was near resonant with the conduction intersubband transitions of the quantum well, and (ii) one needed a control field to generate the coherent effects and, thereafter, the band gap. Here we use such coherent processes, which include electromagnetically induced transparency and coherent enhancement of refractive index, to study a one-dimensional functional photonic band gap structure. In the absence of a control laser field such a structure acts as a conventional photonic band gap created by an off-resonant (background) refractive index perturbation. In other words, the probe field does not feel any resonance in this structure and the photonic band gap is passive. In the presence of the control field, the structure is activated and transformed into a resonant structure. Under this condition, the probe field becomes near resonant with the intersubband transitions while still satisfies the Bragg condition. We study how the coherent effects in such transitions can lead to destruction and enhancement of the photonic band gap in a waveguide structure.
We propose coherently generated photonic heterostructures using a functional photonic superstructure. In the absence of a laser field (control field), such a structure exhibits a conventional passive (off-resonant) photonic band gap. When a region(s) of such a structure is illuminated by the control field, coherent enhancement of refractive index increases the refractive index perturbations of that region, while electromagnetically induced transparency keeps it lossless. This forms a photonic heterostructure consisting of a passive (unilluminated region) and an active (illuminated region) photonic band gap structures. Using such a superstructure, we study a coherently generated photonic quantum well structure wherein two active photonic band gaps sandwich a passive region. We show that, since the active photonic band gaps are roughly twice wider than the passive band gap, they form two photonic barriers around the transparency band located at the longer wavelength side of the passive photonic band gap. This leads to formation of resonant transparency states or photonic subbands, similar to the conduction or valence subbands in electronic quantum well structures. We show that the energies and linewidths of such photonic subbands can be coherently controlled by just adjusting the control field beam.
We propose one-dimensional bright and dark optical lattices where Bragg scattering occurs, respectively, via periodic generation of gain without inversion and electromagnetically induced absorption in the absence of any refractive index perturbation. The absorption and gain processes are caused by quantum interference in the conduction intersubband transitions of a corrugated nnn-doped quantum well structure interacting with an intense infrared laser. The quantum well structure is embedded between two optical confinement layers, forming a periodic structure with a Bragg wavelength similar to that of the intersubband transition between the second and third conduction subbands of the quantum well. We show that in the absence of the intense infrared laser this transition is transparent, and the periodic structure forms a passive one-dimensional photonic gap generated by the background refractive index contrast of the corrugated region. In the presence of this laser, the intersubband transition is influenced by the quantum coherence effects, causing dramatic changes in the photonic band gap. We show that when one adjusts the intensity and wavelength of such a laser properly these effects can (i) destroy the one-dimensional photonic band gap, and (ii) form periodic regions of gain without inversion or electromagnetically induced loss, while the index perturbation is completely canceled out. Such bright and dark optical lattices can scatter a light at Bragg wavelength when its frequency is the same or close to that of the intersubband transition.
Using the technique of electromagnetically induced transparency, three photonic bandgaps can be established and manipulated at any time due to the refraction modulated periodically by the one-dimensional optical lattice in a tripod atomic system which is trapped in a one-dimensional optical lattice with a Gaussian density distribution. Using the density-matrix equations to describe the interaction between laser and atoms and the transfer-matrix equation to describe the scattering of light waves in periodic media, we can obtain the steady reflection and transmission spectra. It can be found that the position and width as well as the reflectivity of the photonic band-gap could be tuned by changing the detunings and intensities of the coupling fields and the geometric Bragg detuning.
The resonant absorption, emission, and scattering of light are the fundamental optical processes that have been used both to probe matter and to manipulate light itself. In the last decade there has been essential progress in coherent control of both linear and nonlinear optical responses based on resonant excitation of atomic coherence in multilevel quantum systems. Some interesting and useful phenomena, resulting from coherent control of absorption and the group index, such as electromagnetically induced transparency, lasing without inversion, and ultra-slow group velocity of light have been widely studied. This work is focused on coherent control of refractive index and resonant fluorescence in multilevel medium. \n \nWe suggest two promising schemes for resonant enhancement of the refractive index with eliminated absorption and propose their implementation in transition element doped crystals with excited state absorption and in a cell of Rb atoms at natural abundance. We show how to use one of these schemes for spatial variation of the refractive index via its periodic resonant increase/decrease, remarkably keeping at the same time zero absorption/gain. It opens the way to production of transparent photonic structures (such as distributed Bragg reflectors, holey fibers, or photonic crystals) in a homogeneous resonant atomic media such as dielectrics with homogeneously distributed impurities, atomic, or molecular gases. These optically produced photonic structures could easily be controlled (including switching on/off, changing amplitude and period of modulation) and would be highly selective in frequency, naturally limited by the width of the optical resonance. \n \nWe also derive the optical fluorescence spectra of a three-level medium driven by two coherent fields at the adjacent transitions in a general case when all three transitions are allowed. We show that coherent driving can efficiently control the distribution of intensities between the fluorescent channels. In particular, the total intensity of fluorescence at the transition which is not driven by the optical fields may essentially exceed the fluorescence intensity at the driven transitions under the condition of two-photon resonance. This counter-intuitive effect is due to depletion of the intermediate state via atomic interference.
Using the Transfer matrix method to reserch the one-dimensional photonic crystal bandgap structure which is made of electromagnetically induced transparency atomic vapor.The results show that the photonic crystal bandgap can be manipulated by varying the refractive index of electromagnetically induced transparency atomic vapor.The EIT atomic vapor relative refractive index gradually increasing with the Rabi frequency.With the Rabi frequency gradually increasing,the band gap of the photonic crystal becomes more and more narrow,but the change is becoming slower.