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URSI General Assembly and Scientific Symposium

Improving the maximum transmission distance of continuous variable quantum key distribution by using a noiseless linear amplifier

Bingjie Xu, Bing Zeng

Published Aug 1, 2014• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Developing quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols resistant to losses and noises is of great importance in practice. We show that the maximum transmission distance and tolerable excess noise of the Gaussian modulation (GM) and discrete modulation (DM) CVQKD protocols can be dramatically increased by using a noiseless linear amplifier (NLA). It is proved that a NLA with gain g can increase the maximum transmission distance by 20 /αlog10g km, where a = 0.2 dB/km is the loss coefficient of the fiber channel.

DOI
10.1109/ursigass.2014.6929466

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Developing quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols resistant to losses and noises is of great importance in practice. We show that the maximum transmission distance and tolerable excess noise of the Gaussian modulation (GM) and discrete modulation (DM) CVQKD protocols can be dramatically increased by using a noiseless linear amplifier (NLA). It is proved that a NLA with gain g can increase the maximum transmission distance by 20 /αlog10g km, where a = 0.2 dB/km is the loss coefficient of the fiber channel.
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In this paper, we first study a generalized protocol of discrete modulation for continuous-variable quantum key distribution with N coherent states in a Gaussian lossy and noisy channel and investigate its performance against collective attacks. We find that discrete modulation protocols with more than eight states do not perform better than the eight-state protocol. Then, we study the improvement of this protocol by using a nondeterministic noiseless linear amplifier (NLA) on Bob's detection stage. Results indicate that a NLA with gain g can extend the maximum transmission distance by 50 log10g2km and can increase the maximal tolerable excess noise. With the reconciliation efficiency β, we find the gain of NLA has a maximal value defined as gmaxand by adjusting the gain to about βgmaxone can have the best improvement on secret key rate.
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We show that a noiseless linear amplifier (NLA) can be placed properly at the receiver’s end to improve the performance of self-referenced (SR) continuous variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) when the reference pulses are weak. In SR CV-QKD, the imperfections of the amplitude modulator limit the maximal amplitude of the reference pulses, while the performance of SR CV-QKD is positively related to the amplitude of the reference pulses. An NLA can compensate the impacts of large phase noise introduced by the weak reference pulses. Simulation results derived from collective attacks show that this scheme can improve the performance of SR CV-QKD with weak reference pulses, in terms of extending maximum transmission distance. An NLA with a gain of g can increase the maximum transmission distance by the equivalent of 20log10g dB of losses.