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Frontiers in Optics

A Double Well Lattice for Dynamically Manipulating Pairs of Cold Atoms

Jennifer Sebby-Strabley, Marco Anderlini, Benjamin L. Brown, P. J. Lee, William D. Phillips, J. V. Porto

Published Jan 1, 2006• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We describe the design and implementation of a double-well optical lattice suitable for isolating and manipulating individual pairs of atoms. This lattice will be used to test controlled atom motion and controlled two-qubit gates.
DOI
10.1364/fio.2006.jwd114

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A double well lattice for dynamically manipulating pairs of cold atoms

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We describe the design and implementation of a two-dimensional optical lattice of double wells suitable for isolating and manipulating an array of individual pairs of atoms in an optical lattice. Atoms in the square lattice can be placed in a double well with any of their four nearest neighbors. The properties of the double well (the barrier height and relative energy offset of the paired sites) can be dynamically controlled. The topology of the lattice is phase stable against phase noise imparted by vibrational noise on mirrors. We demonstrate the dynamic control of the lattice by showing the coherent splitting of atoms from single wells into double wells and observing the resulting double-slit atom diffraction pattern. This lattice can be used to test controlled neutral atom motion among lattice sites and should allow for testing controlled two-qubit gates.
Using four coherent laser beams we make two different 2D optical lattices with polarization-dependent periodicity. The lattices are coincident, and by shifting one with respect to the other, we create an array of double well potentials. We have designed a 2D optical lattice for /sup 87/Rb atoms consisting of an array of double well potentials. This lattice should allow us to test two-qubit gates and in general permit atomic control in support of nearest neighbor interaction physics such as the Ising model and quantum cellular automata.
We propose a two-qubit phase gate for ultracold atoms in a tilted double-well optical lattice. Such a lattice is capable of confining pairs of atoms in a two-dimensional array of double-well potentials where both the barrier height and the energy difference of the minima of the two wells (known as the ``tilt'') can be controlled. The four lowest single-particle motional states can be used to form spatially separated qubits. We present a time-dependent scheme to manipulate the tilt to induce tunneling oscillations which produce a collisional phase gate. Numerical simulations demonstrate that this gate can be performed with high fidelity.
We report on the experimental demonstration of dynamic control of the motional state of atoms in a 2D double-well optical lattice. First we describe experiments in which the atomic distributions obtained by loading Bose–Einstein condensates of rubidium atoms in the lattice are dynamically split by transforming a 2D lattice with period λ into a 2D lattice with period λ/2, and we show how this procedure allows for the study of the coherence and interaction properties of the system. Then we show how we can efficiently adiabatically transfer the population between adjacent sites of the lattice, as well as between different energy bands, by using dynamic modifications of the potential.