Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Applied Physics B

Theoretical treatment of relaxation oscillations in quasi-three-level systems

José R. Salcedo, J. M. Sousa, Vladimir V. Kuz'min

Published Jan 1, 1996• 16 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/bf01081252

Related papers

Double-resonance and relaxation in a three-level system

Christopher Feuillade, C. Böttcher

Chemical Physics•Nov 1, 1981•8 citations

On a relaxation theory for two-level systems

M. M. Al'perin, Ya. D. Klubis

Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics•Aug 1, 1974•0 citations

Theoretical treatment of relaxation oscillations in quasi-three-level

José R. Salcedo, R. Jos

The study of the temporal and spectral behavior of relaxation oscillations in quasi-three-level systems allows the direct measurement of the absolute value and spectral profile of laser-transition absorption and emission cross sections, simul- taneously and independently, not requiring the usual assump- tion of Boltzman distributions for the intermanifold sublevels.

•Jan 1, 1996•0 citations

Semiclassical formalism for the treatment of three-level systems

J.N. Elgin

Physics Letters A•Nov 1, 1980•80 citations

Thermalization of dipole oscillations in confined systems by rare collisions

Maxim Khodas, Alex Levchenko

We study the relaxation of the center of mass or dipole oscillations in the system of interacting fermions confined spatially. With the confinement frequency ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}$ fixed, the particles were considered to freely move along one (quasi-1D) or two (quasi-2D) spatial dimensions. We have focused on the regime of rare collisions, such that the inelastic collision rate $1/{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\mathrm{in}}\ensuremath{\ll}{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}$. The dipole oscillation relaxation rate $1/{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}$ is obtained at three different levels: by direct perturbation theory, solving the integral Bethe-Salpeter equation, and applying the memory function formalism. As long as anharmonicity is weak, $1/{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}\ensuremath{\ll}1/{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\mathrm{in}}$, the three methods are shown to give identical results. In the quasi-2D case, $1/{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}\ensuremath{\ne}0$ at zero temperature. In quasi-1D system, $1/{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}\ensuremath{\propto}{T}^{3}$ if the Fermi energy ${E}_{F}$ lies below the critical value ${E}_{F}<3{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}/4$. Otherwise, unless the system is close to integrability, the rate $1/{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}$ has a temperature dependence similar to that in quasi-2D. In all cases, the relaxation results from the excitation of particle-hole pairs propagating along unconfined directions resulting in the relationship $1/{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}\ensuremath{\propto}1/{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\mathrm{in}}$, with the inelastic rate $1/{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\mathrm{in}}\ensuremath{\ne}0$ as the phase-space opens up at finite energy of excitation ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}$. While $1/{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}\ensuremath{\propto}{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\mathrm{in}}$ in the hydrodynamic regime, ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}\ensuremath{\ll}1/{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\mathrm{in}}$, in the regime of rare collisions, ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}\ensuremath{\gg}1/{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\mathrm{in}}$, we obtain the opposite trend $1/{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}\ensuremath{\propto}1/{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\mathrm{in}}$.

arXiv:1802.05161•Physical review. B./Physical review. B•Aug 13, 2018•0 citations

General dynamics of four-level systems including relaxation

K. Lendi

Journal of Molecular Structure•May 1, 1988•3 citations
We study the relaxation of the center of mass or dipole oscillations in the system of interacting fermions confined spatially. With the confinement frequency ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}$ fixed, the particles were considered to freely move along one (quasi-1D) or two (quasi-2D) spatial dimensions. We have focused on the regime of rare collisions, such that the inelastic collision rate $1/{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\mathrm{in}}\ensuremath{\ll}{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}$. The dipole oscillation relaxation rate $1/{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}$ is obtained at three different levels: by direct perturbation theory, solving the integral Bethe-Salpeter equation, and applying the memory function formalism. As long as anharmonicity is weak, $1/{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}\ensuremath{\ll}1/{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\mathrm{in}}$, the three methods are shown to give identical results. In the quasi-2D case, $1/{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}\ensuremath{\ne}0$ at zero temperature. In quasi-1D system, $1/{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}\ensuremath{\propto}{T}^{3}$ if the Fermi energy EF{E}_{F}EF​ lies below the critical value ${E}_{F}<3{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}/4$. Otherwise, unless the system is close to integrability, the rate $1/{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}$ has a temperature dependence similar to that in quasi-2D. In all cases, the relaxation results from the excitation of particle-hole pairs propagating along unconfined directions resulting in the relationship $1/{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}\ensuremath{\propto}1/{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\mathrm{in}}$, with the inelastic rate $1/{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\mathrm{in}}\ensuremath{\ne}0$ as the phase-space opens up at finite energy of excitation ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}$. While $1/{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}\ensuremath{\propto}{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\mathrm{in}}$ in the hydrodynamic regime, ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}\ensuremath{\ll}1/{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\mathrm{in}}$, in the regime of rare collisions, ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}\ensuremath{\gg}1/{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\mathrm{in}}$, we obtain the opposite trend $1/{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}\ensuremath{\propto}1/{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\mathrm{in}}$.