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Nuclear Physics A

A density-matrix approach to critical phenomena

Stella M. Peltier, Angelo Plastino

Published Nov 1, 1984• 10 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/0375-9474(84)90045-9

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We adapt White's density matrix renormalisation group (DMRG) to the direct study of critical phenomena. We use the DMRG to generate transformations in the space of coupling constants. We postulate that a study of density matrix eigenvalues leads to a natural identification of renormalised blocks, operators and Hamiltonians. We apply the scheme to the phase transition in the anisotropic spin-1/2 Heisenberg chain. In the simplest case where the two most probable states in odd sized blocks are used to construct approximate renormalisation group transformations, we find qualitative improvement upon the standard real space renormalisation group method for the thermal exponent ννν.
We adapt White`s (1992, 1993) density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) to the direct study of critical phenomena. We use the DMRG to generate transformations in the space of coupling constants. We postulate that a study of density matrix eigenvalues leads to a natural identification of renormalized blocks, operators and Hamiltonians. We apply the scheme to the phase transition in the anisotropic spin-1/2 Heisenberg chain. In the simplest case where the two most probable states in odd-sized blocks are used to construct approximate renormalization group transformations, we find qualitative improvement upon the standard real-space renormalization group method for the thermal exponent nu .
Motivated by the growing importance of fidelity in quantum critical phenomena, we establish a general relation between the fidelity and structure factor of the driving term in a Hamiltonian through the concept of fidelity susceptibility. Our discovery, as shown by some examples, facilitates the evaluation of fidelity in terms of susceptibility using well-developed techniques, such as density matrix renormalization group for the ground state, or Monte Carlo simulations for the states in thermal equilibrium.