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Physical Review A

Algebraic scattering theory and the geometric phase

Péter Lévay, Barnabás Apagyi

Published Feb 1, 1993• 11 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A nonstandard realization of the su(1,1) algebra is used to extract a two-parameter class of scattering potentials as well as to calculate the reflection coefficient of the associated one-dimensional scattering problem in the spirit of the algebraic scattering theory. The nontrivial geometric content of such realizations is discussed, and an interesting connection with geometric phases is pointed out. It is argued that using larger noncompact groups, realizations related to non-Abelian geometric phases may be useful for obtaining analytical expressions for interaction terms corresponding to higher-dimensional scattering problems.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.47.823

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A nonstandard realization of the su(1,1) algebra is used to extract a two-parameter class of scattering potentials as well as to calculate the reflection coefficient of the associated one-dimensional scattering problem in the spirit of the algebraic scattering theory. The nontrivial geometric content of such realizations is discussed, and an interesting connection with geometric phases is pointed out. It is argued that using larger noncompact groups, realizations related to non-Abelian geometric phases may be useful for obtaining analytical expressions for interaction terms corresponding to higher-dimensional scattering problems.
We show how to formulate physical theory taking as a starting point the set of states (geometric approach). We discuss the relation of this formulation to the conventional approach to classical and quantum mechanics and the theory of complex systems. The equations of motion and the formulas for probabilities of physical quantities are analyzed. A heuristic proof of decoherence in our setting is used to justify the formulas for probabilities. We show that any physical theory can be obtained from classical theory if we restrict the set of observables. This remark can be used to construct models with any prescribed group of symmetries; one can hope that this construction leads to new interesting models that cannot be build in the conventional framework. The geometric approach can be used to formulate quantum theory in terms of Jordan algebras, generalizing the algebraic approach to quantum theory. The scattering theory can be formulated in geometric approach.
We study a particular solvable potential and analyse the effect of 𝒫𝒯 symmetry on its bound state as well as scattering solutions. We determine the transmission and reflection coefficients for the 𝒫𝒯-symmetric case and also formulate the problem in terms of an SU (1,1) potential group, which allows unified treatment of the discrete and the continuous spectra in a natural way. We find that (bound and scattering) states of the 𝒫𝒯-symmetric problem supply a basis for the unitary irreducible representations of the SU (1,1) potential group, and this gives a straightforward group theoretical interpretation of the fact that the (complex) 𝒫𝒯-invariant potential has a real energy spectrum.
We present a study of the properties of Bargmann Invariants (BIs) and Null Phase Curves (NPCs) in the theory of the geometric phase for finite dimensional systems. A recent suggestion to exploit the Majorana theorem on symmetric SU(2) multispinors is combined with the Schwinger oscillator operator construction to develop efficient operator-based methods to handle these problems. The BI is described using intrinsic unitary invariant angle parameters whose algebraic properties as functions of Hilbert space dimension are analyzed using elegant group theoretic methods. The BI-geometric phase connection, extended by the use of NPCs, is explored in detail, and interesting new experiments in this subject are pointed out.
Coupled systems of slow and fast variables with symmetry, characterized by a semisimple Lie group G, are employed to study the effect of adiabatic decoupling of the fast degrees of freedom on the algebra of symmetry generators. The slow configuration space is assumed to be the symmetric coset space G/H, where H is a compact subgroup of G defined by the fast Hamiltonian. The induced gauge fields characterizing the effective slow dynamics are symmetric ones in the sense that the action of G on them can be compensated by an H-valued gauge transformation. The modification of the symmetry generators when such gauge fields are present can be described purely in geometric terms related to the non-Abelian geometric phase. The modified generators may be identified as the generators of the induced representation of G, where the inducing represention is the representation of H on the fast Hilbert space. This result enables us to recast the problem of exotic quantum numbers for effective quantum systems in purely algebraic terms via the Frobenius reciprocity theorem. Illustrative calculations for the symmetric spaces SO(d+1)/SO(d) approximately S d (spheres) are presented. Possible relevance of modified generators for non-compact G for obtaining scattering potentials in the framework of algebraic scattering theory is also pointed out.