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Physical Review A

Microscopic approach to correlation-induced frequency shifts

G. V. Varada, G. S. Agarwal

Published Dec 1, 1991• 18 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A microscopic model for the origin of the source correlations responsible for Wolf shifts is proposed. To illustrate the main features of the phenomenon of these correlation-induced frequency shifts, a simple atomic system consisting of a pair of identical two-level atoms interacting with each other via the dipole-dipole interaction is considered. Effects of the finite temperature of the source are also included. For this microscopic model, the far-zone spectrum for two different experimental situations is calculated. The red and blue frequency shifts of the spectrum can be understood in terms of the dipole-dipole interaction. The magnitude of the shifts depends on the strength of the dipole-dipole interaction. The dependence of the frequency shifts on the temperature of the radiating source is also given.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.44.7626

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A microscopic model for the origin of the source correlations responsible for Wolf shifts is proposed. To illustrate the main features of the phenomenon of these correlation-induced frequency shifts, a simple atomic system consisting of a pair of identical two-level atoms interacting with each other via the dipole-dipole interaction is considered. Effects of the finite temperature of the source are also included. For this microscopic model, the far-zone spectrum for two different experimental situations is calculated. The red and blue frequency shifts of the spectrum can be understood in terms of the dipole-dipole interaction. The magnitude of the shifts depends on the strength of the dipole-dipole interaction. The dependence of the frequency shifts on the temperature of the radiating source is also given.
Wolf discovered how the spatial coherence characteristics of the source affect the spectrum of the radiation in the far zone. In particular the spatial coherence of the source can result either in red or blue shifts in the measured spectrum.His predictions have been verified in a large number of different classes of systems. Wolf and coworkers usually assume a given form of source correlations and study its consequence. In this paper we consider microscopic origin of spatial coherence and radiation from a system of atoms. We discuss how the radiation is different from that produced from an independent system of atoms. We show that the process of radiation itself is responsible for the creation of spatial correlations within the source. We present different features of the spectrum and other statistical properties of the radiation, which show strong dependence on the spatial correlations. We show the existence of a new type of two-photon resonance that arises as a result of such spatial correlations. We further show how the spatial coherence of the field can be used in the context of radiation generated by nonlinear optical processes. We conclude by demonstrating the universality of Wolf shifts and its application in the context of pulse propagation in a dispersive medium.
Emil Wolf discovered how the spatial coherence characteristics of the source affect the spectrum of the radiation in the far zone. In particular, the spatial coherence of the source can result either in red or blue shifts in the measured spectrum. His predictions have been verified in a large number of different classes of systems. Wolf and coworkers usually assume a given form of source correlations and study its consequence. In this paper we consider the microscopic origin of spatial coherence and radiation from a system of atoms. We discuss how the radiation is different from that produced from an independent system of atoms. We show that the process of radiation itself is responsible for the creation of spatial correlations within the source. We present different features of the spectrum and other statistical properties of the radiation, which show strong dependence on the spatial correlations. We show the existence of a new type of two-photon resonance that arises as a result of such spatial correlations. We further show how the spatial coherence of the field can be used in the context of radiation generated by nonlinear optical processes.We conclude by demonstrating the universality ofWolf shifts and its application in the context of pulse propagation in a dispersive medium.
The excitation spectrum arising from photon density-density correlations has been considered in a system of two interacting identical atoms. The two-level atoms are pumped near resonance by a strong electromagnetic field while they interact through their dipole-dipole interaction and radiate to each other as well. In such a system the photon density-density correlations arise from the interference spectrum due to the beating of the frequency of the pump field and the atomic transition frequency, as well as from the spectrum induced by the dipole-dipole and radiative interactions between the atoms. The spectral function of this system has been calculated in the limit of high photon densities. It consists of four terms describing four bands which are similar to those appearing in the two-atom resonance fluorescence spectrum for the symmetric modes when the central peak is missing. The collective behavior as well as the dynamics of the system are discussed in detail. By using the spectral function, an expression for the photon density-density correlation function at different times has been derived where thermal effects have been also included.
A model radiating system consisting of two atoms in close proximity is analyzed. This system demonstrates the influence of spatial coherence on the spectrum of the radiation field. Explicit expressions for the degree of coherence, the source spectrum, and the spectrum of the radiation field are derived. The results are discussed in terms of Wolf's work [Phys. Rev. Lett. 56, 1370 (1986)] on this effect, which can be considered in terms of a multiple-atom analog of the effects of radiation reaction on a single atom, i.e., spontaneous decay and the Lamb shift.