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Optical and Quantum Electronics

Increase of refractive index induced by absorbing centres

Marco Montecchi, E. Nichelatti, Rosamaria M. Montereali, M. Piccinini, Fabrizia Somma

Published Jan 1, 2004• 17 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1023/b:oqel.0000015629.89080.84

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. Besides the extinction coe_cient, the refractive index of a dielectricmedium is modi_ed by the presence of resonant absorbing centres, too. Fully an-alytical expressions of the complex refractive index dispersions are derived for thecases of homogeneous and inhomogeneous absorption-line broadening. In both cases,we demonstrate that the modi_cation is such that the refractive index results asincreased at photon energies lower than the resonance absorption energy. If theabsorbing centres also emit Stokes-shifted radiation, the increase of refractive indexcan be exploited for passive and active waveguiding applications. An example isreported regarding active waveguides based on colour centres in a lithium uoridecrystal.Keywords: Absorbing centres, active waveguiding, colour centres, Gaussian line-shape, inhomogeneous line broadening, refractive index.
Large and tunable negative refractive index (NRI) via electromagnetically induced chirality is demonstrated in a semiconductor quantum wells (SQWs) nanostructure by using the reported experimental parameters in J.F. Dynes et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 , 157403 (2005). It is found: the large and controllable NRI with alterable frequency regions is obtained when the coupling laser field and the relative phase are modulated, which will increase the flexibility and possibility of implementing NRI in the SQWs nanostructure. The scheme rooted in the experimental results may lead a new avenue to NRI material in solid-state nanostructure.
The propagation of self-induced transparency video pulses is studied in a waveguide containing two-level atoms of two types, which can either amplify or absorb pulses. It is shown that the amplified pulse can be compressed down to the duration comparable with the inverse frequency of the atomic transition (a few femtoseconds) along with the increase in the peak amplitude. The mechanisms restricting the compression of amplified self-induced transparency pulses are analysed (the introduction of the third atomic level and the use of the Bragg grating of the waveguide refractive index).