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Physics Letters A

Physical significance of complete spatial coherence of optical fields

Sergey A. Ponomarenko, Hema Roychowdhury, E. Wolf

Published Jul 13, 2005• 34 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/j.physleta.2005.07.006

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Realistic optical fields are never completely monochromatic and the interpretation of the concept of phase is not straightforward. It has been pointed out by Wolf that, if a strict condition of spatial coherence is imposed, the statistically averaged behavior of a polychromatic field can be described by an associated monochromatic wave. We show that, for spatially coherent polychromatic optical fields, the measurement of the phase of the second-order correlations determines the phase of this associated, spatially coherent field. We verify this prediction using a novel interferometric technique for measuring the cross-spectral density of a steady-state optical field.
The border between the descriptions of the classical optical fields in any state of spatial coherence and the quantum coherence state of light is revisited in the framework of the phase-space representation. Although it is established that such descriptions are not completely equivalent, the exact calculation of the marginal power spectrum leads to new analogies that suggest that some features exclusively attributed to quantum states of light can be also shared by classical optical fields due to their spatial coherence state.
The slow light propagation effect in electromagnetically induced transparency with a spatial partially coherent coupling field has been studied. We find that the group velocity of the probe beam can be significantly reduced when the spatial coherence of the coupling field decreases. It shows that the group delay of the probe beam can achieve about 10 times that of the fully coherent case. This work shows the effect of spatial coherence of the coupling field in a coherent atomic medium and provides a slow-light mechanism in optical coherence systems.