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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Increased coherence time in microwave "echo" spectroscopy of cold atoms in an optical dipole trap

Ariel Kaplan, Mikkel F. Andersen, Tzahi Grünzweig, Nir Davidson

Published Jan 1, 2004• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The loss in coherence in a trapped-atoms “echo” experiment is suppressed by a different pulse sequence. The coherence time is then limited by mixing to other vibrational levels and the lifetime of the internal states.
DOI
10.1364/iqec.2004.ima3

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The decay in the hyperfine coherence of optically trapped atoms due to interactions with the environment, is only partly suppressed by ``echo'' spectroscopy [M. F. Andersen et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 023001 (2003)], primarily due to dynamical (time-dependent) dephasing mechanisms. We demonstrate here an improved pulse sequence, for which the decay of coherence is reduced by a factor of 2.52.52.5 beyond the reduction offered by the ``echo'' spectroscopy. This reduction occurs when each dark period in-between pulses is shorter than the time scale over which substantial dephasing develops. The coherence time is then limited by mixing to other vibrational levels in the trap and, to a lesser extent, the lifetime of the internal states of the atoms.
We investigate the dephasing of ultra cold 85Rb atoms trapped in an optical dipole trap and prepared in a coherent superposition of their two hyperfine ground states by interaction with a microwave pulse. We demonstrate that the dephasing, measured as the Ramsey fringe contrast, can be reversed by stimulating a coherence echo with a pi pulse between the two pi / 2 pulses, in analogy to the photon echo. We also demonstrate that "echo spectroscopy" can be used to study the quantum dynamics in the trap even when more than 10(6) states are thermally populated and to study the crossover from quantum to classical dynamics.