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Communications in Theoretical Physics

Three-Party Quantum State Sharing of an Arbitrary Unknown Two-Qubit State Based on Entanglement Swapping and Bell-State Measurements

Yuan Hao, Jun Song, Kui Hou, Hu Xiao-Yuan, Lian-Fang Han, Shi Shou-Hua

Published Jul 1, 2009• 8 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose a scheme for sharing an arbitrary unknown two-qubit state among three parties by using a four-qubit cluster-class state and a Bell state as a quantum channel. With a quantum controlled phase gate (QCPG) operation and a local unitary operation, any one of the two agents has the access to reconstruct the original state if he/she collaborates with the other one, whilst individual agent obtains no information. As all quantum resource can be used to carry the useful information, the intrinsic efficiency of qubits approaches the maximal value. Moreover, the present scheme is more feasible with present-day technique.

DOI
10.1088/0253-6102/52/1/11

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We first provide four new schemes for two-party quantum teleportation of an arbitrary unknown multi-particle state by using three-, four-, and five-particle states as the quantum channel, respectively. The successful probability and fidelity of the four schemes reach 1. In the first two schemes, the receiver can only apply one of the unitary transformations to reconstruct the original state, making it easier for these two schemes to be directly realized. In the third and fourth schemes, the sender can preform Bell-state measurements instead of multipartite entanglement measurements of the existing similar schemes, which makes real experiments more suitable. It is found that the last three schemes may become tripartite controlled teleportation schemes of teleporting an arbitrary multi-particle state after a simple modification. Finally, we present a new scheme for three-party sharing an arbitrary unknown multi-particle state. In this scheme, the sender first shares three three-particle GHZ states with two agents. After setting up the secure quantum channel, an arbitrary unknown multi-particle state can be perfectly teleported if the sender performs three Bell-state measurements, and either of two receivers operates an appropriate unitary transformation to obtain the original state with the help of other receiver's three single-particle measurements. The successful probability and fidelity of this scheme also reach 1. It is demonstrated that this scheme can be generalized easily to the case of sharing an arbitrary unknown multi-particle state among several agents.
A scheme for quantum state sharing of an arbitrary single qubit state by using a genuinely entangled six-qubit state as a quantum channel is proposed.Firstly,the sender performs the Bell-state measurement and single qubit measurements on her qubits,respectively.Then any one of the two legitimate agents make a single qubit measurement on his qubit,and the other one(receiver) can reconstruct the original arbitrary single qubit state by performing appropriate unitary operation on his particle.The successful probability of this scheme is 100%.