aqora

8. WERNER HEISENBERG: A Brief History of Quantum Theory

Princeton University Press eBooksDec 31, 20030 citations

Conclusions

Jonathan Allday

Now that we have reached the end of our brief tour through the early history of quantum theory, we need to stop and consider some important themes. From a historical point of view, a distinction can be drawn between ‘old quantum theory’ and the full quantum theory that we now use. Old quantum theory was in essence a patchwork cobbled together from classical physics with a few quantum ideas thrown in. e works of Planck, Einstein, Bohr, and Sommerfeld can be classed as old quantum theory. is is not meant to undermine the tremendous achievements that old quantum theory represents, but simply to underline its standing as a stage on the way to a fully formed quantum theory, which slowly emerged from the works of Heisenberg, Schrödinger, Born, and Dirac.Now that we have reached the end of our brief tour through the early history of quantum theory, we need to stop and consider some important themes. From a historical point of view, a distinction can be drawn between ‘old quantum theory’ and the full quantum theory that we now use. Old quantum theory was in essence a patchwork cobbled together from classical physics with a few quantum ideas thrown in. e works of Planck, Einstein, Bohr, and Sommerfeld can be classed as old quantum theory. is is not meant to undermine the tremendous achievements that old quantum theory represents, but simply to underline its standing as a stage on the way to a fully formed quantum theory, which slowly emerged from the works of Heisenberg, Schrödinger, Born, and Dirac.

CRC Press eBooksMar 3, 20090 citations

The Theory of Quantum Relativity

Daniel Cordero Grau

In this Article I lay down the Theory of Quantum Relativity which unify Quantum Mechanics of Bohr, Planck, Heisenberg and Schrodinger and Relativity of Einstein

Aug 1, 20170 citations

The Quantum Theory of Planck, Einstein, Bohr and Sommerfeld: Its Foundation and the Rise of its Difficulties, 1900-1925, V. 1, Pt. 1 of the Historical Development of Quantum Theory

Mehra, Jagdish, Helmut Rechenberg

Jan 1, 198226 citations

Introduction to Volume One

Anthony H. Duncan, Michel Janssen B

Abstract We provide an overview, as non‐technical as possible, of the contents of Vol. 1 of the book. Reflecting the structure of the volume, this overview consists of two parts. In the first part, we summarize the most important early contributions to quantum theory (covered in detail in Chs. 2–4). This part starts with Planck’s work on black‐body radiation culminating in the introduction of Planck’s constant in 1900. It then moves on to Einstein’s 1905 light‐quantum hypothesis, his theory of specific heats, and his formulas for energy and momentum fluctuations in black‐body radiation. After summarizing Bohr’s path to his quantum model of the atom, it concludes with Einstein’s 1916–17 radiation theory combining elements of Bohr’s model with his own light‐quantum hypothesis. In the second part we summarize our analysis of the old quantum theory (given in detail in Chs. 5–7). After a brief overview of the career of Sommerfeld, who together with Bohr took the lead in developing the old quantum theory, we review the three principles we have identified as the cornerstones of the theory (the quantization conditions, the adiabatic principle, and the correspondence principle). We then discuss three of the theory’s most notable successes (fine structure, Stark effect, X‐ray spectra) and, finally, three of its most notorious failures (multiplets, Zeeman effect, helium).Abstract We provide an overview, as non‐technical as possible, of the contents of Vol. 1 of the book. Reflecting the structure of the volume, this overview consists of two parts. In the first part, we summarize the most important early contributions to quantum theory (covered in detail in Chs. 2–4). This part starts with Planck’s work on black‐body radiation culminating in the introduction of Planck’s constant in 1900. It then moves on to Einstein’s 1905 light‐quantum hypothesis, his theory of specific heats, and his formulas for energy and momentum fluctuations in black‐body radiation. After summarizing Bohr’s path to his quantum model of the atom, it concludes with Einstein’s 1916–17 radiation theory combining elements of Bohr’s model with his own light‐quantum hypothesis. In the second part we summarize our analysis of the old quantum theory (given in detail in Chs. 5–7). After a brief overview of the career of Sommerfeld, who together with Bohr took the lead in developing the old quantum theory, we review the three principles we have identified as the cornerstones of the theory (the quantization conditions, the adiabatic principle, and the correspondence principle). We then discuss three of the theory’s most notable successes (fine structure, Stark effect, X‐ray spectra) and, finally, three of its most notorious failures (multiplets, Zeeman effect, helium).

Aug 29, 20193 citations

The Quantum Theory of Planck, Einstein, Bohr and Sommerfeld: Its Foundation and the Rise of Its Difficulties 1900–1925

Jagdish Mehra, Helmut Rechenberg

Springer eBooksJan 1, 198219 citations

A brief history of quantum phenomena

Abstract

Related papers

A brief history of quantum phenomena

Abstract

Related papers