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Physics Letters A

Lifetimes of the Si I 3p4s 1P1 and 3p3d 1P1 states

U. Becker, H. G. Kerkhoff, Maciej Kwiatkowski, M. Schmidt, U. Teppner, P. Zimmermann

Published Mar 1, 1980• 35 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/0375-9601(80)90589-7

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An experimental study is reported on the dynamics of the set of energy states below the 5s5p(1P1) state of atomic strontium, namely 1D2, 3DJ, 3P2, 3P1 and 3P0, in the presence of the rare gases He and Ar and at temperatures from 673 to 760 K. These were generated following the nanosecond pulsed laser excitation of ground state Sr vapour at λ = 460.07 nm {Sr[5s5p(1P1)] ← Sr[5s2(1S0)]}, intentionally employing radiation trapping to lengthen the effective lifetime of Sr(1P1) and so facilitate population of these lower lying states by emission and collision. The populations of the lower states were then interrogated by laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) at selected delays and, where possible, also by spontaneous emission methods. The evolution of the populations with time have been modelled with a set of coupled linear differential equations yielding a consistent set of collisional rate data and emission lifetimes. The individual populations of the closely spaced spin–orbit states within Sr(3DJ) cannot be separated on the time scale of the pulsed lasers and are treated as a single state. By contrast, for most rare gases, intramultiplet mixing within Sr[5s5p(3P0,1,2)] is slow and the J states are treated separately. The collisions of Sr(5 1P1) with Ar and He have been shown to yield mainly Sr(5 3DJ) with negligible yields of both Sr(1D2) and Sr(5 3PJ). The model uses relative values of Einstein coefficients from the averaged Sr(5 3DJ) state to any of the three Sr(5 3P0,1,2) states, calculated assuming an LS coupling approximation for Sr and normalised to the overall experimental Einstein coefficient. The six-state kinetic model proposed, constructed incorporating earlier measurements specifically on Sr(5 3P0,1,2), is shown to fit well the observed population profiles and also shows collisional propensity behaviour.
We have demonstrated Zeeman slowing and capture of neutral 225Ra and 226Ra atoms in a magneto-optical trap. The intercombination transition 1S0-->3P1 is the only quasicycling transition in radium and was used for laser-cooling and trapping. Repumping along the 3D1-->1P1 transition extended the lifetime of the trap from milliseconds to seconds. Room-temperature blackbody radiation was demonstrated to provide repumping from the metastable 3P0 level. We measured the isotope shift and hyperfine splittings on the 3D1-->1P1 transition with the laser-cooled atoms, and set a limit on the lifetime of the 3D1 level based on the measured blackbody repumping rate. Laser-cooled and trapped radium is an attractive system for studying fundamental symmetries.