Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Physical Review Letters

Phase Waves in Mode-Locked Superfluorescent Lasers

P. D. Drummond, J. D. Harvey, John M. Dudley, D. B. Hirst, S. J. Carter

Published Feb 3, 1997• 11 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present results from both theoretical and experimental studies of the noise characteristics of mode-locked superfluorescent lasers. The results show that observed macroscopic broadband amplitude noise on the laser pulse train has its origin in quantum noise-initiated ``phase-wave'' fluctuations, and we find an associated phase transition in the noise characteristics as a function of laser cavity detuning.

DOI
10.1103/physrevlett.78.836

Related papers

Quantum Noise of Actively Mode-Locked Lasers With Dispersion and Amplitude/Phase Modulation

Farhan Rana, Rajeev J. Ram, H. A. Haus

A quantum theory for the noise of optical pulses in actively mode-locked lasers is presented. In the presence of phase modulation and/or group velocity dispersion, the linear operator that governs the time evolution of the pulse fluctuations inside the laser cavity is not Hermitian (or normal) and the eigenmodes of this operator are not orthogonal. As a result, the eigenmodes have excess noise and the noise in different eigenmodes is highly correlated. We construct quantum operators for the pulse photon number, phase, timing, and frequency fluctuations. The nonorthogonality of the eigenmodes results in excess noise in the pulse photon number, phase, timing, and frequency. The excess noise depends on the frequency chirp of the pulse and is present only at low frequencies in the spectral densities of the pulse noise operators.

IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics•Jan 1, 2004•39 citations

Macroscopic Quantum Fluctuations in Superfluorescence

Fritz Haake, Harald King, Guntram Schröder +3 more

We show that superfluorescent pulses fluctuate singificantly in shape notwithstanding their classical dynamical behavior. These fluctuations can be understood as originating from the quantum mechanical uncertainty of the initial polarization.

Physical Review Letters•Jun 25, 1979•77 citations

Effects of a squeezed vacuum on a laser exhibiting phase locking: An application to a laser with injected atomic coherence

Ning Lü, János A. Bergou

We study the steady-state operation and noise properties of a laser (or maser) exhibiting phase locking when an ordinary vacuum is replaced by a squeezed vacuum. Such a phase-sensitive laser can be realized by preparing the active medium initially in a coherent superposition of levels involved in the laser transition. We develop a general formalism to treat number-phase fluctuations and quadrature fluctuations. When applied to a one-photon laser with injected atomic coherence, we find that not only is a complete quenching of the (spontaneous-emission) quantum noise possible, but the field can actually be in a squeezed state. The variance in either amplitude or phase quadrature can be below the vacuum noise level by a factor of 2 (50%) at the expense of enhanced fluctuations in the other quadrature.

Physical Review A•Jul 1, 1989•8 citations

Amplitude squeezing in a pump-noise-suppressed laser oscillator

Y. Yamamoto, S. Machida, OLLE NILSSON

This paper clarifies the origins of the standard quantum limit for the amplitude noise of a laser-oscillator outgoing field. The amplitude noise within the cavity bandwidth, \ensuremath{\Omega}\ensuremath{\le}\ensuremath{\omega}/Q, is ultimately caused by the pump amplitude fluctuation, while that above the cavity bandwidth, \ensuremath{\Omega}\ensuremath{\ge}\ensuremath{\omega}/Q, is due to the field zero-point fluctuation. The uncertainty product of the amplitude- and phase-noise spectra at an extremely high pumping level is still larger than the Heisenberg minimum-uncertainty product because of the presence of nonstationary phase-diffusion noise. In this sense, an ordinary laser oscillator is not a quantum-limited device. This paper suggests that a laser oscillator can produce an amplitude-squeezed state in itself if the pump amplitude fluctuation is suppressed below the ordinary shot-noise level. The paper discusses possible schemes for suppressing pump fluctuation, commutator bracket preservation without pump fluctuation, and resulting amplitude and phase spectra. The similarity of and difference between a pump-noise-suppressed laser and a cavity degenerate parametric amplifier are delineated.

Physical Review A•Nov 1, 1986•387 citations

Squeezing in an injection-locked semiconductor laser

Shuichiro Inoue, S. Machida, Y. Yamamoto +1 more

The intensity-noise properties of an injection-locked semiconductor laser were studied experimentally. The constant-current-driven semiconductor laser producing the amplitude-squeezed state whose intensity noise was reduced below the standard quantum limit (SQL) by 0.72 dB was injection-locked by an external master laser. The measured intensity-noise level of the injection-locked semiconductor laser was 0.91 dB below the SQL. This experimental result indicates that a phase-coherent amplitude-squeezed state or squeezed vacuum state together with a reference local oscillator wave can be generated directly by semiconductor laser systems.

Physical Review A•Sep 1, 1993•37 citations

Observation and suppression of quantum phase waves in a mode-locked laser

J. D. Harvey, D. B. Hirst, S. J. Carter +1 more

Recently it has been shown1 that the pulse characteristics of the mode locked argon laser on the Q of the cavity can only be explained by a swept gain superfluorescent model based on the optical Bloch equations.

Annual Meeting Optical Society of America•Jan 1, 1993•0 citations
We present results from both theoretical and experimental studies of the noise characteristics of mode-locked superfluorescent lasers. The results show that observed macroscopic broadband amplitude noise on the laser pulse train has its origin in quantum noise-initiated ``phase-wave'' fluctuations, and we find an associated phase transition in the noise characteristics as a function of laser cavity detuning.
A quantum theory for the noise of optical pulses in actively mode-locked lasers is presented. In the presence of phase modulation and/or group velocity dispersion, the linear operator that governs the time evolution of the pulse fluctuations inside the laser cavity is not Hermitian (or normal) and the eigenmodes of this operator are not orthogonal. As a result, the eigenmodes have excess noise and the noise in different eigenmodes is highly correlated. We construct quantum operators for the pulse photon number, phase, timing, and frequency fluctuations. The nonorthogonality of the eigenmodes results in excess noise in the pulse photon number, phase, timing, and frequency. The excess noise depends on the frequency chirp of the pulse and is present only at low frequencies in the spectral densities of the pulse noise operators.
We study the steady-state operation and noise properties of a laser (or maser) exhibiting phase locking when an ordinary vacuum is replaced by a squeezed vacuum. Such a phase-sensitive laser can be realized by preparing the active medium initially in a coherent superposition of levels involved in the laser transition. We develop a general formalism to treat number-phase fluctuations and quadrature fluctuations. When applied to a one-photon laser with injected atomic coherence, we find that not only is a complete quenching of the (spontaneous-emission) quantum noise possible, but the field can actually be in a squeezed state. The variance in either amplitude or phase quadrature can be below the vacuum noise level by a factor of 2 (50%) at the expense of enhanced fluctuations in the other quadrature.
This paper clarifies the origins of the standard quantum limit for the amplitude noise of a laser-oscillator outgoing field. The amplitude noise within the cavity bandwidth, \ensuremath{\Omega}\ensuremath{\le}\ensuremath{\omega}/Q, is ultimately caused by the pump amplitude fluctuation, while that above the cavity bandwidth, \ensuremath{\Omega}\ensuremath{\ge}\ensuremath{\omega}/Q, is due to the field zero-point fluctuation. The uncertainty product of the amplitude- and phase-noise spectra at an extremely high pumping level is still larger than the Heisenberg minimum-uncertainty product because of the presence of nonstationary phase-diffusion noise. In this sense, an ordinary laser oscillator is not a quantum-limited device. This paper suggests that a laser oscillator can produce an amplitude-squeezed state in itself if the pump amplitude fluctuation is suppressed below the ordinary shot-noise level. The paper discusses possible schemes for suppressing pump fluctuation, commutator bracket preservation without pump fluctuation, and resulting amplitude and phase spectra. The similarity of and difference between a pump-noise-suppressed laser and a cavity degenerate parametric amplifier are delineated.
The intensity-noise properties of an injection-locked semiconductor laser were studied experimentally. The constant-current-driven semiconductor laser producing the amplitude-squeezed state whose intensity noise was reduced below the standard quantum limit (SQL) by 0.72 dB was injection-locked by an external master laser. The measured intensity-noise level of the injection-locked semiconductor laser was 0.91 dB below the SQL. This experimental result indicates that a phase-coherent amplitude-squeezed state or squeezed vacuum state together with a reference local oscillator wave can be generated directly by semiconductor laser systems.