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Physics Letters A

Relaxation frequency shift influence on the generation parameters of three-level and four-level lasers

R. N. Shakhmuratov

Published Aug 1, 1985• 1 citation
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/0375-9601(85)90060-x

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We performed spectroscopic measurements of the relaxation oscillations in a tunable Nd3+-doped fiber laser for the four-level (4F3/2-4I11/2) and for the three-level (4F3/2-4I9/2) transitions. We observed that the relaxation oscillation frequency for the three-level transition exhibited a strong wavelength dependence; in contrast, the relaxation oscillation frequency for the four-level transition did not exhibit any wavelength dependence. A simple theory to explain this remarkable feature was developed, confirming that the wavelength dependence is related to the thermal laser level population, which is significant in three-level systems but negligible in four-level systems. This should be taken into account for a careful description of laser systems, and is also instrumental for predicting oscillator or amplifier performance.
Based on the model of the Λ-type three-level atomic system,the impact of laser parameters on the CPT signals of rubidium atomic clock is analyzed by using the semi-classical density matrices approach in order to make a concrete analysis of the influence of laser parameters upon the stability performance of the CPT(coherent population trapping)atomic clock,and the comparison is presented.The results show that the signal intensity of the CPT clock significantly varies with the intensity symmetry of the laser beams.In contrast,the influence of the frequency detuning is not important for the clock signal.In addition,when the laser intensity asymmetry and frequency detuning exist together,the asymmetry of the CPT fluorescence spectrum and the frequency shift of the CPT microware signal would occur.
Our anisotropic rate equation model outlines the relationship between the relaxation dynamics in a four-level solid-state laser and its anisotropic gain properties. Anisotropic pump rates and stimulated emission cross-sections were included to account for specific atom orientations in the gain material. The model is compared with experimental measurements of two relaxation oscillation frequencies which are related to the anisotropic atom-laser interaction in orthogonally polarized dual-mode lasers. The model predicts that crystal orientation and pump polarization affect the laser operation characteristics, as found experimentally. The gain anisotropy influences the fast laser dynamics, as in single-mode relaxation oscillations.