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Physica A Statistical Mechanics and its Applications

Intertwining operators and the quantum inverse method for the non-linear Schrödinger equation

Brian Davies, Eugène Gutkin

Published Aug 1, 1988• 9 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/0378-4371(88)90012-x

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The problem of d-dimensional Schrödinger equations with a position-dependent mass is analyzed in the framework of first-order intertwining operators. With the pair (H,H1) of intertwined Hamiltonians one can associate another pair of secondorder partial differential operators (R,R1), related to the same intertwining operator and such that H (resp. H1) commutes with R (resp. R1). This property is interpreted in superalgebraic terms in the context of supersymmetric quantum mechanics (SUSYQM). In the two-dimensional case, a solution to the resulting system of partial differential equations is obtained and used to build a physically-relevant model depicting a particle moving in a semi-infinite layer. Such a model is solved by employing either the commutativity of H with some second-order partial differential operator L and the resulting separability of the Schrödinger equation or that of H and R together with SUSYQM and shape-invariance techniques. The relation between both approaches is also studied.
By modifying the collision operator in the quantum lattice gas (QLG) algorithm one can develop an imaginary time (IT) integration to determine the ground state solutions of the Schrödinger equation and its variants. These solutions are compared to those found by other methods (in particular the backward-Euler finite-difference scheme and the quantum lattice Boltzmann). In particular, the ground state of the quantum harmonic oscillator is considered as well as bright solitons in the one-dimensional (1D) non-linear Schrödinger equation. The dark solitons in an external potential are then determined. An advantage of the QLG IT algorithm is the avoidance of any real/complex matrix inversion and that its extension to arbitrary dimensions is straightforward.