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Electronic Communications in Probability

Mild Solutions of Quantum Stochastic Differential Equations

Franco Fagnola, Stephen J. Wills

Published Jan 1, 2000• 6 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We introduce the concept of a mild solution for the right Hudson-Parthasarathy quantum stochastic differential equation, prove existence and uniqueness results, and show the correspondence between our definition and similar ideas in the theory of classical stochastic differential equations. The conditions that a process must satisfy in order for it to be a mild solution are shown to be strictly weaker than those for it to be a strong solution by exhibiting a class of coefficient matrices for which a mild unitary solution can be found, but for which no strong solution exists.

DOI
10.1214/ecp.v5-1029

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We introduce the concept of a mild solution for the right Hudson-Parthasarathy quantum stochastic differential equation, prove existence and uniqueness results, and show the correspondence between our definition and similar ideas in the theory of classical stochastic differential equations. The conditions that a process must satisfy in order for it to be a mild solution are shown to be strictly weaker than those for it to be a strong solution by exhibiting a class of coefficient matrices for which a mild unitary solution can be found, but for which no strong solution exists.
Quite a few researchers have contributed to the development of quantum stochastic differential equations driven by quantum noises, initiated by Hudson and Parthasarathy [HP84a]. A nonexhaustive list of contributors includes Fagnola and Wills [FW00], [FW03], Obata [Oba97], and Linsay and Skalski [LS10]. Based on the results presented in Chapter 3, this chapter derives and considers a general form of linear (left) and (right) Hudson-Parthasarathy quantum stochastic differential equations driven by quantum noises in symmetric Fock space with operator-valued matrices as coefficients. Specifically, it studies the existence and uniqueness of the strong and mild solution processes for both the left and right quantum stochastic differential equations and conditions under which the solution processes are unitary, isometry, co-isometry, and regular. These results make extensive use of the properties of stochastic integral driven by quantum noise and its quantum stochastic calculus in the context of a symmetric Fock space, which was explored in Chapter 3. Various discrete approximation schemes, including Bouten et al. [BvH07], of the left Hudson-Parthasarathy QSDE are also explored for numerical computation. Specifically, it is shown that the solution of the Hudson- Parthasarathy QSDE can be approximated by a sequence of discrete interaction models with decreasing time step. In order to study this problem, discrete interaction models are embedded in a limiting space. This allows one to present strong convergence of the embedded discrete cocycles to the solution of the Hudson-Parthasarathy QSDE. It will be pointed out that the way in which the embedding is done does not affect the proof of the main result for discrete approximations. Examples of a QSDE that is analytically solvable and a QSDE that possesses a mild solution but not a strong solution are also given. QSDE of Hudson-Parthasarathy Type It has been mentioned earlier in Chapter 3 that an open quantum systems treated in this monograph are to be formulated as a quantum system in which the underlined (or the initial) quantum system is perturbed by quantum noises that represent the environment.
We establish further results concerning the existence, uniqueness and stability of weak solutions of quantum stochastic differential equations (QSDEs). Our results are achieved by considering a more general Lipschit condition on the coefficients than our previous considerations in [1]. We exhibit a class of Lipschitzian QSDEs in the formulation of this paper, whose coefficients are only continuous on the locally convex space of the weak solution.Journal of the Nigerian Association of Mathematical Physics Vol. 8 2004: pp. 5-8
In the calculus of Hudson and Parthasarathy we show the existence of a solution to the quantum stochastic evolution equation U ( t ) = I + ∫ 0 t U ( s ) ( L 1 d Λ ( s ) + L 2 d A ( s ) + L 3 d A † ( s ) + L 4 d s ) for a class of unbounded operators L1, …, L4 in the initial space, and show that the necessary and sufficient condition that U be a unitary process is the same as in the case that L1, …, L4 are bounded. Applications of the vacuum conditional expectation to U give rise to strongly continuous semigroups and their generators in the initial space, and to ultraweakly continuous completely positive semigroups and their generators in the von Neumann algebra of the initial space.