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Concepts in Magnetic Resonance

Information transfer on an NMR quantum information processor

Mark D. Price, Evan M. Fortunato, Marco A. Pravia, Craig A. Breen, Swami Kumaresean, Gabriel Rosenberg, David G. Cory

Published Jan 1, 2001• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has been used to explore and demonstrate many of the ideas behind quantum information processing (QIP). This work provides an illustrative example of information transfer over both quantum and classical channels using NMR techniques on the two‐spin compound 13C‐chloroform. A two‐qubit model of a classical channel that is a reduction of a quantum channel can be implemented via the correlation of a spin representing information on a channel, with an ancilla spin representing the surrounding world. When information about this correlation is lost or discarded, the channel becomes classical; otherwise, it remains quantum. It is shown that, while classical information can be transmitted over either a quantum or classical channel, quantum information will only survive transmission over a quantum channel. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson 13: 151–158, 2001

DOI
10.1002/cmr.1005

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We discuss the applications of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) to quantum information processing, focusing on the use of quadrupole nuclei for quantum computing. Various examples of experimental implementation of logic gates are given and compared to calculated NMR spectra and their respective density matrices. The technique of Quantum State Tomography for quadrupole nuclei is briefly described, and examples of measured density matrices in a two-qubit I = 3/2 spin system are shown. Experimental results of density matrices representing pseudo-Bell states are given, and an analysis of the entropy of theses states is made. Considering an NMR experiment as a depolarization quantum channel we calculate the entanglement fidelity and discuss the criteria for entanglement in liquid state NMR quantum information. A brief discussion on the perspectives for NMR quantum computing is presented at the end.
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Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) has provided a valuable experimental testbed for quantum information processing (QIP). Here, we briefly review the use of nuclear spins as qubits, and discuss the current status of NMR-QIP. Advances in the techniques available for control are described along with the various implementations of quantum algorithms and quantum simulations that have been performed using NMR. The recent application of NMR control techniques to other quantum computing systems are reviewed before concluding with a description of the efforts currently underway to transition to solid state NMR systems that hold promise for scalable architectures.