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Frontiers in Optics

Optically Controlled Waveplate at a Telecom Wavelength Using a Ladder Transition in Rb Atoms for All-Optical Switching via the Quantum Zeno Effect

K. Subramanian, Yu-Hong Wang, S. Tseng, Yongming Tu, M. S. Shahriar

Published Jan 1, 2011• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We show, theoretically and experimentally, how to realize an optically controlled waveplate at a telecommunication wavelength using a ladder transition in Rb atoms at room temperature for all-optical switching via the quantum Zeno effect.
DOI
10.1364/fio.2011.fthf6

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High efficiency optical modulation at a telecom wavelength using the quantum Zeno effect in a ladder transition in Rb atoms

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Optics Express•Jun 5, 2012•14 citations
We demonstrate an optically controlled waveplate at ~1323 nm using the 5S(1/2)-5P(1/2)-6S(1/2) ladder transition in a Rb vapor cell. The lower leg of the transitions represents the control beam, while the upper leg represents the signal beam. We show that we can place the signal beam in any arbitrary polarization state with a suitable choice of polarization of the control beam. Specifically, we demonstrate a differential phase retardance of ~180 degrees between the two circularly polarized components of a linearly polarized signal beam. We also demonstrate that the system can act as a Quarter Wave plate. The optical activity responsible for the phase retardation process is explained in terms of selection rules involving the Zeeman sublevels. As such, the system can be used to realize a fast Stokesmetric imaging system with a speed of ~3 MHz. When implemented using a tapered nano fiber embedded in a vapor cell, this system can be used to realize an ultra-low power all-optical switch as well as a Quantum Zeno Effect based all-optical logic gate by combining it with an optically controlled polarizer, previously demonstrated by us. We present numerical simulations of the system using a comprehensive model which incorporates all the relevant Zeeman sub-levels in the system, using a novel algorithm recently developed by us for efficient computation of the evolution of an arbitrary large scale quantum system.
We demonstrate a high-efficiency optical modulator at ~1323 nm using the quantum Zeno effect in a ladder transition in a Rb vapor cell. The lower leg of the transitions represents the control beam while the upper leg of the transitions represents the signal beam. The cross-modulation of the signal beam transmission is observed as the control beam is intensity modulated, and is explained in terms of the quantum Zeno effect. We observe a modulation depth of near 100% at frequencies up to 1 MHz and demonstrate modulation at speeds up to 75 MHz, with a 3 dB bandwidth of about 5 MHz, limited by the homogeneous linewidth of the intermediate state. We also describe how much higher modulation speeds could be realized by using a buffer gas to broaden the transitions. We identify and explain the special conditions needed for optimizing the modulation efficiency. Numerical simulations of modulation at ~1 GHz are presented. The maximum modulation speed is found to scale with the pressure-broadened linewidth of the intermediate state, so that much higher speeds should be attainable.