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Physical Review A

Excitability in a nonlinear optical cavity

Weiping Lu, Dejin Yu, Robert G. Harrison

Published Aug 1, 1998• 21 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We establish a nonlinear optical cavity to be excitable. Excitability in this system is shown to originate from the combined dynamical effects of nonlinear intracavity field saturation and temperature-dependent absorption in the medium on two different time scales. The model may be experimentally realized using optical bistable devices with possible useful applications.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.58.r809

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We establish a nonlinear optical cavity to be excitable. Excitability in this system is shown to originate from the combined dynamical effects of nonlinear intracavity field saturation and temperature-dependent absorption in the medium on two different time scales. The model may be experimentally realized using optical bistable devices with possible useful applications.
Physical reasons for the development of spatial and temporal instabilities realizing in optical bistability (OB) cavity- free systems are analyzed. It is shown that there are certain types of instability. We describe diffraction instability of light beams due to its propagation through a boundary on a high absorption domain. We consider instability generated by nonlinear dependence of a relaxation time of excited states of atoms (molecules) on vibration temperature or on room temperature under the condition of presence (or absence) of nonlinear absorption. We investigate instability due to an influence of laser- induced electric field and instability caused by the delay in a scheme with additional lateral feedback and instability in a scheme with mirror having a hole at its axis caused by dynamical lenses.
We present numerical results relative to a bistable optical device comprised of an asymmetric Fabry-Perot cavity embedding a nonlinear optical medium. Both the real and imaginary part of the third order nonlinear susceptibility are considered in our calculations. Optimized device operation, expressed in terms of the contrast ratio between the two stable states, is then discussed as a function of the different cavity parameters. The presented method can be a useful tool for designing practical devices with application in the field of all-optical switching, optical regeneration and optical signal processing.
We present numerical results relative to a bistable optical device comprised of an asymmetric Fabry-Perot cavity embedding a nonlinear optical medium. Both the real and imaginary part of the third order nonlinear susceptibility are considered in our calculations. Optimized device operation, expressed in terms of the contrast ratio between the two stable states, is then discussed as a function of the different cavity parameters. The presented method can be a useful tool for designing practical devices with application in the field of all-optical switching, optical regeneration and optical signal processing.
Optical bistability is a quantum optical realization of a first order phase transition far from equilibrium. A nonlinear optical material contained in an optical cavity driven resonantly by an external coherent optical field undergoes a first order phase transition to a new nonequilibrium stationary state of broken symmetry. Resonant and nonresonant nonlinear optical response of pi\\pipi-electron excitations in conjugated electronic structure provides the nonlinearity essential to the onset of bistability. Electronic correlation effects in reduced dimensions are responsible for nonresonant nonlinear optical responses. Saturable absorption studies of glassy polymer films consisting of quasi-two dimensional conjugated disc-like structure of silicon naphthalocyanine demonstrate that on-resonance the system behaves as an optical Bloch system with an intensity dependent refractive index of 1 times\\timestimes 10sp−4\\sp{-4}sp−4 cmsp2\\sp2sp2/kW. Based on the results of these studies, electronic absorptive optical bistability is observed on a nanosecond time scale in a nonlinear Fabry-Perot interferometer employing the saturable absorbing silicon naphthalocyanine film as the nonlinear optical medium.
Most of the intrinsic optical devices which have been studied in recent years consist of a Fabry-Perot resonator containing a nonlinear medium. The response time of such devices is determined by the transients associated with the high-Q resonator and the response time of the nonlinear medium. The fastest devices must be free of any Fabry-Perot cavity. The excitation of either surface plasmons at a nonlinear interface or guided waves in thin nonlinear films is a way to obtain an ultrafast bistable optical device. These two kinds of device have been studied.
We theoretically investigate optical bistability and entanglement in a hybrid nonlinear system of two coupled cavities via a single-mode waveguide. The left cavity contains an ensemble of N quantum dots (QDs) and a Kerr medium to enhance the nonlinearity as it causes to observe the bistable behaviour of the system. We study the Kerr medium, QD ensemble, and cavity coupling effect on bistability response shown by mean intracavity photons in the left cavity. In addition, we have shown entanglement between different subsystems and found that entanglement can be generated between the two coupled cavity photons, cavity photons, and QD ensembles. Additionally, we investigate the effect of different parameters on entanglement. Our findings show that Kerr nonlinearity and the hopping parameter between the two cavities can effectively control the optical properties of the proposed hybrid system, which can be used to design efficient optical devices and the entangled optical photons have applications such as quantum information transfer.