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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Four-dimensional photosensitive materials: applications for shaping, time-domain holographic dissection, and scanning of picosecond pulses

Peeter Saari, Rein K. Kaarli, Heiki Sõnajalg

Published Sep 1, 1991• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Spectral hole burning media — photochemically i9stable dye molecules in low—temperature polymers hibit very narrow (10 Hz) optical resonances distributed over a wide (10 Hz) band along the frequency axis. Exposure of the medium to recording light field burns a 4—D grating pattern into the dielectric permittivity tensor c(x,y,z,), which in turn determines the temporal behaviour of the linear pulse response of the sample. Based on this phenomenon the common holography has been generalized resulting in a 4—D holography where restored light field is completely identical to the stored one and plays back ultrafast temporal behaviour of the object light as pulsed vector field. In the paper, the approach is extended for applications listed in the title and corresponding experimental results of streak —camera measurements on octaethyl—porphin —doped polystyrene plates are briefly discussed.

DOI
10.1117/12.47072

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The Journal of Physical Chemistry A•Mar 13, 2002•57 citations
Spectral hole burning media — photochemically i9stable dye molecules in low—temperature polymers hibit very narrow (10 Hz) optical resonances distributed over a wide (10 Hz) band along the frequency axis. Exposure of the medium to recording light field burns a 4—D grating pattern into the dielectric permittivity tensor c(x,y,z,), which in turn determines the temporal behaviour of the linear pulse response of the sample. Based on this phenomenon the common holography has been generalized resulting in a 4—D holography where restored light field is completely identical to the stored one and plays back ultrafast temporal behaviour of the object light as pulsed vector field. In the paper, the approach is extended for applications listed in the title and corresponding experimental results of streak —camera measurements on octaethyl—porphin —doped polystyrene plates are briefly discussed.
Photochemically instable dye molecules in low-temperature polymers are distributed not only spatially in the medium but also spectrally along the axis of resonant optical transition frequencies and orientationally with reference to the polarization of the transition. Consequently, such composite organic materials -- spectral hole burning media1-4 -- can be considered as novel optical materials possessing not only three-dimensional photosensitivity but also sensitivity to the wavelength and polarization of the incident light.
In this paper, the concept of holographic storage and reproduction of optical signals is generalized for the case of a spectrally highly selective recording medium, which in addition to fixing the spatial intensity distribution of the incident light is also able to memorize its intensity spectrum. We demonstrate persistent storage, recall and conjugation of picosecond light signals from various model objects by making use of coherent optical responses in photochemically active media. A simple linear theory of holographic storage and playback of both the spatial and the temporal behaviour of the signal is shown to well describe the experimental results obtained by utilizing octaethylporphin-doped polystyrene at 1.8 K as a spectrally selective recording material. The proposed method of time- and space-domain holographic recording provides the storage and reproduction of time-dependent optical signals with a duration of 10-8 to 10-13 sec. This presents unique possibilities for ultrahigh-speed data-storage and optical signal-processing.
Spatio-temporal holography using persistent spectral hole-burning in dye molecules embedded in plastic films is promising for applications such as femtosecond pulse shaping, data storage or phase conjugation. In addition to the common 2 spatial dimensions of classical holograms, each point in the sample plane can be used to store spectral informations such as the shape of a femtosecond pulse. On each point of the sample, spectral interferences between a reference pulse and an object pulse (for example chirped) are recorded via spectral hole-burning in the absorption band of the dye molecule. As early as 1983, photon echo and time-reversal experiments using persistent spectral hole-burning were performed in porphyrazine styrol solutions at 630 nm [1]. Then several developments, like the reconstruction of the polarization state of object pulses [2], time and space holography [3,4], image holograms using a single pair of femtosecond pulses [5] were demonstrated in different photosensitive media.
It is acknowledged that inhomogeneous absorption bands consisting of narrow homogeneous zero-phonon lines (ZPL) can be used for the purpose of optical data storage in the frequency dimension /1/. Persistent spectral hole-burning (PSHB) /2,3/ has made it feasible to preserve the recorded frequency domain information for a practically unlimited period of time. Via PSHB the inhomogeneous distribution function of the resonance frequencies of the impurity zero-phonon lines can be altered in an almost arbitrary fashion. This, in turn, makes it possible to manipulate the absorption coefficient and correlated to it index of refraction of the optical storage media. On this basis it has been proposed to use PSHB for the shaping of laser pulses via Fourier synthesis /4/. Holographic storage of time domain optical signals in PSHB media was proposed by Mossberg /5/. In the first experiments on the PSHB time domain holography the reproduction of various temporal shapes of picosecond pulses was demonstrated in dye doped polymers cooled to liquid helium temperature /6/. Earlier Zuikov et al. observed correlation between the temporal shapes of nanosecond excitation laser pulses and photon echo signals /7/. Since that time a variety of experiments on time domain holography in different resonant media have been reported (see /8/ and references therein).
Persistent spectral hole burning (PSHB) in organic molecules doped in a polymer matrix at low temperatures allows optical recording of information in the dimensions of frequency and time, as well as in space and externally applied electric field. We use this special property to demonstrate new types of holograms, which extend conventional spatial-domain optical data storage into the new dimensions. Basic aspects of recording and playback of holograms by persistent spectral hole burning, including relation between frequency- and time-domain response function, is discussed. This paper is elucidating inherent relations between the time- and frequency-domain versions of PSHB holography. We show that by multiplexing holograms in the frequency dimension, we can store a large number (up to 12 000) of image holograms using a single spectral hole burning sample. In the time domain, we show storage and reproduction of ultrashort time-space images on the scale of 10 -12 −10 -13 s. Experiments demonstrating unusual hologram properties, such as causality-related asymmetry of diffraction, inversion of time coordinate, and ultrafast processing, are presented.