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Physical Review Letters

Longitudinal Coherence in Neutron Interferometry

A. G. Klein, G. I. Opat, W. A. Hamilton

Published Feb 21, 1983• 94 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The proposition that the coherence length of de Broglie wave packets remains unchanged even though the length of the packets increases upon propagation is discussed and demonstrated.Received 27 December 1982DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.50.563©1983 American Physical Society

DOI
10.1103/physrevlett.50.563

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The proposition that the coherence length of de Broglie wave packets remains unchanged even though the length of the packets increases upon propagation is discussed and demonstrated.Received 27 December 1982DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.50.563©1983 American Physical Society
In recent years longitudinal coherence of electron and neutron wave packets has been investigated,1,2 and it was shown that their coherence length remains unchanged even though the length of the wave packet increases on propagation.3,4 As pointed out in Ref. 3, one may expect that a similar result will hold for light that propagates in a dispersive medium. We present some new general theorems relating to an ensemble of identical 1-D optical pulses which propagate in a linear homogeneous medium of any given dispersive properties. In particular we derive a general expression for the mutual coherence function and for the cross-spectral density function of the pulse field in the medium in terms of the Fourier spectrum of a single pulse shape. The analysis brings out clearly the distinction (already noted in Ref. 4) between the coherence length and the coherence time of fields in dispersive media. We also show that the pulse field is spatially completely coherent at each frequency, even though the shape of each pulse changes on propagation. The results have potential application to interferometry with optical pulses and with de Broglie wave packets of elementary particles.