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Nuclear Physics A

Fermionic molecular dynamics for ground states and collisions of nuclei

Hans Feldmeier, K. Bieler, Jürgen Schnack

Published Apr 1, 1995• 103 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/0375-9474(94)00792-l

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Fermionic Molecular Dynamics (FMD) models a system of fermions by means of many-body states which are composed of antisymmetrized products of single-particle states. These consist of one or several Gaussians localized in coordinate and momentum space. The parameters specifying them are the dynamical variables of the model. As the repulsive core of the nucleon-nucleon interaction induces short range correlations which cannot be accommodated by a Slater determinant, a novel approach, the unitary correlation operator method (UCOM), is applied. The unitary correlator moves two particles away from each other whenever their relative distance is within the repulsive core. The time-dependent variational principle yields the equations of motion for the variables. Energies of the stationary ground states are calculated and compared to exact many-body results for nuclei up to Ca 48. Time-dependent solutions are shown for collisions between nuclei.
In Fermionic Molecular Dynamics the occurrence of multifragmentation depends strongly on the intrinsic structure of the many-body state. Slater determinants with narrow single-particle states and a cluster substructure show multifragmentation in heavy-ion collisions while those with broad wave functions, which resemble more a shell-model picture, deexcite by particle emission. Which of the two type of states occurs as the ground state minimum or as a local minimum in the energy depends on the effective interaction. Both may equally well reproduce binding energy and radii of nuclei. This ambiguity led us to reinvestigate the derivation of the effective interaction from realistic nucleon-nucleon potentials by means of a unitary correlation operator which is much more suited for dynamical calculations than the G-matrix or the Jastrow method. First results of mixing many Slater determinants are also presented.