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Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences

A pseudo-spin surface-acoustic-wave quantum computer

C. H. W. Barnes

Published Jul 15, 2003• 12 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A modification to the surface-acoustic-wave quantum computer is described. The use of pseudo-spin qubits is introduced as a way to simplify the fabrication and programming of the computer. A form of optical readout that relies on the electrons in each surface-acoustic-wave minimum recombining with holes in a two-dimensional hole gas is suggested as a means to measure the output. The suggested modification would allow the quantum computer to be made smaller and to operate faster.

DOI
10.1098/rsta.2003.1215

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A modification to the surface-acoustic-wave quantum computer is described. The use of pseudo-spin qubits is introduced as a way to simplify the fabrication and programming of the computer. A form of optical readout that relies on the electrons in each surface-acoustic-wave minimum recombining with holes in a two-dimensional hole gas is suggested as a means to measure the output. The suggested modification would allow the quantum computer to be made smaller and to operate faster.
Motivated by recent experimental observations [M. Kataoka et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 156801 (2009)], we propose here a theoretical approach to implement quantum computation with bound states of electrons in moving quantum dots generated by the driving of surface acoustic waves. Differing from static quantum dots defined by a series of static electrodes above the two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG), here a single electron is captured from a 2DEG reservoir by a surface acoustic wave and then trapped in a moving quantum dot (MQD) transported across a quasi-one-dimensional channel, wherein all the electrons have been excluded by the actions of the surface gates. The flying qubit introduced here is encoded by the two lowest levels of the electron in the MQD, and the Rabi oscillation between these two levels could be implemented by applying finely selected microwave pulses to the surface gates. By using the Coulomb interaction between the electrons in different MQDs, we show that a desirable two-qubit operation, i.e., iswap gate, could be realized. Readouts of the present flying qubits are also feasible with the current single-electron detected technique.
Riding a different wave: This study shows that an acoustic metasurface can be a platform to implement airborne surface acoustic waves (SAWs) for analog computing based on a quantum algorithm. The authors' gradient-index acoustic system can be used to perform the Grover search algorithm, with quadratic speedup over classical searches. Such a SAW-based computing system would offer---in the foreseeable future---a flexible platform for analog simulation of quantum algorithms, which could find application in on-chip integrated acoustic and phononic devices.
We propose an experiment to observe interference of a single electron as it is transported along two parallel quasi-one-dimensional channels trapped in a single minimum of a traveling periodic electric field. The experimental device is a modification of the surface-acoustic-wave-based quantum processor. Interference is achieved by creating a superposition of spatial wave functions between the two channels and inducing a relative phase shift via either a transverse electric field or a magnetic field. The interference can be used to estimate the decoherence time of an electron in this type of solid-state device.
We consider the entanglement of spins for two electrons contributing to the acoustoelectric current driven by a surface acoustic wave (SAW) in two adjacent narrow channels by calculating their exchange energy (J)(J)(J). The channels belong to an acoustic nanocircuit which comprises a network of quasi-one-dimensional pinched-off channels serving as wires along which SAW quantum dots transport electrons. This is motivated by possible practical applications involving quantum information processing and quantum computers. We calculate JJJ as a function of time as the electrons travel side-by-side in the adjacent channels and as a function of the distance between the centers of the channels. The leakage from the state in which the system is prepared, is calculated. The oscillations in the leakage indicate the probability for the electron system to make transitions between the ground and excited states, or for an electron to hop back and forth between channels.