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Physical Review Letters

Quadrature-Squeezed Light Detection Using a Self-Generated Matched Local Oscillator

Chonghoon Kim, Prem Kumar

Published Sep 19, 1994• 108 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A local oscillator (LO) which can correctly decode the spatiotemporally distorted quadrature-squeezed light generated by means of single-pass traveling-wave optical parametric amplification is experimentally demonstrated. Such a matched LO is automatically produced in our squeezed-light generation scheme. With the matched LO 5.8 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 0.2 dB [(74 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 1)%] of quadrature squeezing is observed which, to the best of the authors' knowledge, is the highest observed in any traveling-wave squeezing experiment to date.

DOI
10.1103/physrevlett.73.1605

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Quadrature-squeezed Light Detection Using a Self-generated Matched Local Oscillator

Prem Kumar, Chonghoon Kim

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Prem Kumar and Chonghoon Kim, "Quadrature-squeezed Light Detection Using a Self-generated Matched Local Oscillator," Optics & Photonics News 5(12), 26-27 (1994) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article

Optics and Photonics News•Dec 1, 1994•0 citations
A local oscillator (LO) which can correctly decode the spatiotemporally distorted quadrature-squeezed light generated by means of single-pass traveling-wave optical parametric amplification is experimentally demonstrated. Such a matched LO is automatically produced in our squeezed-light generation scheme. With the matched LO 5.8 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 0.2 dB [(74 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 1)%] of quadrature squeezing is observed which, to the best of the authors' knowledge, is the highest observed in any traveling-wave squeezing experiment to date.
Pulsed squeezed light is a key resource for many quantum information processing tasks. Among the various methods for generating squeezed light, single-pass parametric amplification has various advantages such as broad bandwidth, compactness, and stability. The challenge in achieving high-level pulsed squeezing has been to improve detection efficiency. We used a spatial light modulator controlled by machine learning to improve the spatial mode matching between the local oscillator and squeezed light. We achieved pulsed squeezing of 5.88 dB generated by optical parametric amplification in a waveguide. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest obtained pulsed squeezing, and we believe this achievement will lead to more compact and efficient quantum information technology.
We report on the generation of quadrature squeezed light at 1.535 microm via single-pass optical parametric amplification in a periodically poled MgO:LiNbO(3) waveguide, and detection with a temporally shaped local oscillator. Squeezing of -4.1 dB was directly measured using the shaped local oscillator. Classical parametric gain of the shaped pulse was also investigated; a deamplification gain of -12.1 dB was observed with the amplification gain of only +13.8 dB. We experimentally show that the use of shaped pulse as local oscillator in homodyne detection allows us efficient squeezing detection with near-unit mode-matching efficiency.
We report pulsed squeezed-light generation by means of an optical parametric downconverter that is pumped by the second harmonic of a mode-locked Q-switched laser. Using the fundamental beam of the laser as a local oscillator, we observe 2-dB squeezing for a parametric gain of 2.0. This local oscillator, however, is nonoptimal because of its spatiotemporal mode mismatch with the squeezed mode generated by the downconverter. We describe an experiment in which a matched local oscillator is generated with the use of an optical parametric amplifier that is pumped by the same laser as is the downconverter. In this case, 2-dB squeezing is observed for a parametric gain of 1.5. The present experimental setup is limited by the uncontrollable phase fluctuations that prohibit us from making squeezing measurements at higher parametric gains.
We investigate temporal effects in pulsed squeezing by parametric amplification, including effects of group-velocity dispersion. Our calculations show that the local oscillator pulse used to detect the squeezed field cannot be made shorter than the inverse phase-matching bandwidth of the generation process without degrading the amount of squeezing detected. This result generalizes an earlier result that showed that in the absence of dispersion, the local oscillator pulse duration should approach zero for optimum squeezing detection. We further show that by using local oscillator amplitude and phase pulse shaping it should be possible to achieve more than 40 dB of detectable quadrature squeezing. This is applicable where it is possible to neglect transverse spatial dimensions and diffraction, such as in a waveguide. We derive the s-parametrized quasiprobability evolution equation for the traveling-wave parametric amplifier. As the Wigner representation results in third-order derivatives, we also use the positive-P representation as an exact representation with equivalent Ito stochastic differential equations. This allows us to compare approximate --- but easily simulated --- Wigner representation results with those using the positive-P representation.