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Physical Review A

Entanglement generation of nitrogen-vacancy centers via coupling to nanometer-sized resonators and a superconducting interference device

Qiong Chen, Zhenyu Xu, Mang Feng

Published Jul 20, 2010• 13 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present a potential scheme to entangle negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (N-$V$) centers in distance using nanomechanical resonators (NAMRs) and a common superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID). By virtually exciting the vibrational modes of the NAMRs, we show the effective coupling between the N-$V$ centers and the SQUID, which is a promising step toward large-sized quantum-information processing with separate N-$V$ centers.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.82.014302

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We present a potential scheme to entangle negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (N-VVV) centers in distance using nanomechanical resonators (NAMRs) and a common superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID). By virtually exciting the vibrational modes of the NAMRs, we show the effective coupling between the N-VVV centers and the SQUID, which is a promising step toward large-sized quantum-information processing with separate N-VVV centers.
We investigate the hybrid quantum system of a superconducting flux qubit, a single electronic spin associated with a negatively charged nitrogen vacancy (NV) center in diamond, and a high-quality magnetized nanomechanical resonator (NAMR). It is shown that the quantized motion of the NAMR can strongly couple to both the NV spin and the flux qubit. We estimate that the coupling strength of the NAMR to both the NV spin and the flux qubit can be about 2 π × 100 kHz, which is one order of magnitude larger than direct spin–qubit coupling. This enables the quantum state transfer to be faster and more robust against decoherence. The present work may provide an appealing way for quantum information processing based on hybrid solid-state quantum systems.
We propose an efficient scheme for preparing entangled states between two separated nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in a spin-mechanical system via a dissipative quantum dynamical process. The proposal actively exploits the nanomechanical resonator (NAMR) damping to drive the NV centers to the target state through a quantum reservoir engineering approach. The distinct features of the present work are that we turn the detrimental source of noise into a resource and only need high-frequency low-Q mechanical resonators, which make our scheme more simple and feasible in experimental implementation. This protocol may have interesting applications in quantum information processing with spin-mechanical systems.
Quantum entanglement is a kernel of quantum computation and quantum communication. We introduce a theoretical scheme to achieve the entanglement between two separated quantum nodes in a hybrid system. The proposed hybrid system based on diamond nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center spin ensemble is coherently coupled to a superconducting quantum circuit consisting of two quantum nodes and a quantum channel. Each node in our setup is composed of an NV center spin ensemble magnetically coupled to a superconducting coplanar resonator. The NV center spin ensemble composed of N identical and non-interacting NV spins, is placed in the magnetic field antinode of the superconducting coplanar resonator where the coupling is maximized. An array of superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) is inserted in the central conductor of resonator to make its frequency tunable with the magnetic flux threading through the SQUID loops. This flux is generated by passing current through an on-chip wire, so that the resonator can be brought in resonance with the NV center spins without changing their Zeeman splitting. Quantum qubits encoded into two separate nodes are connected by a vacuum superconducting coplanar resonator that is used as a quantum channel. This setup can potentially take the best elements of each individual system:NV center spin ensemble with longer coherence time capable of preparing, storing and releasing photonic quantum information, and the superconducting quantum circuits are easy to manipulate externally and can perform quantum logic gates to control quantum information rapidly. In order to realize the entanglement between two separated quantum nodes, firstly, we make a canonical transformation and obtain the Hamiltonian of the system that is reduced to two NV center spin ensembles resonantly coupled to a single mode of the superconducting coplanar resonator. Then we put forward the hybrid NV center spin-photon qubit encoding. In this hybrid encoding, the NV center spin and photon degrees of freedom enter on an equal footing into the definition of the qubit, in which case, quantum channel will switch on when three superconducting coplanar resonators are in resonance with each other, and all the manipulations can perform simply by tuning the frequencies of the superconducting coplanar resonators. Under the precise control of the evolution time, high fidelity entanglement between two separated quantum nodes is achieved. We show that this proposal can provide high fidelity quantum entanglement under realistic conditions, both in the resonant and the dispersive interaction cases. This hybrid quantum system will exhibit long coherence time and possess features like easy fabrication, integratability, and potential scalability. Furthermore, the quantum node composed of an NV center spin ensemble magnetically coupled to a superconducting coplanar resonator can be respectively integrated, which has practical applications in the realization of quantum information transmission and quantum entanglement among multiple quantum nodes.
We propose a potentially practical scheme to entangle negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (N-VVV) centers in distant diamonds. Each diamond is supposed to be fixed on the exterior surface of a microtoroidal resonator, and the single-photon input-output process---a currently available technique---could entangle separate N-VVV centers in a scalable fashion. The feasibility of our scheme and the experimental challenge are discussed by considering currently available techniques for qualified N-VVV centers and cavities.
Research into hybrid quantum systems is of great interest for quantum information processing; however, a key challenge is finding a controlled interface between a superconducting circuit and a lone solid-state qubit. The authors design a coherent quantum interface between a microwave cavity and a single nitrogen-vacancy center in a mechanical resonator made of diamond. Here the coupling between the quantized motion of the diamond beam and the cavity photons is due to dielectric interaction, not the traditional capacitive coupling, and is scalable to large arrays of resonators for e.g. a memory chip.