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Applied Physics Letters

Demonstration of an excited-state Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter at 1529 nm by use of an electrodeless discharge rubidium vapor lamp

Qinqing Sun, Yelong Hong, Wei Zhuang, Zhiwen Liu, Jingbiao Chen

Published Nov 19, 2012• 41 citations
Publisher

Abstract

An excited-state Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter (ESFADOF) operating on the rubidium 5P3/2-4D5/2 transition (1529.4 nm in vacuum) is demonstrated, which utilizes an electrodeless discharge lamp rather than a laser-pumped Rb vapor cell as in a traditional ESFADOF system. When the lamp operates in the red mode with 3.5 W radio-frequency driving power, a twin-peak line-shaped transmission spectrum is obtained, which has a maximum transmittance of 21.9% (without taking into account the system loss and fluorescence background). ESFADOF by exploiting the 5P3/2-4D3/2 transition (1529.3 nm in vacuum) is also explored. A single-peak transmission spectrum with a maximum transmittance of about 3% is achieved. The electrodeless discharge lamp based ESFADOF holds promise for realizing a compact, low-cost, and good long-term frequency-stabilized laser system for optical communication applications.

DOI
10.1063/1.4767140

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An excited-state Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter (ESFADOF) operating on the rubidium 5P3/2-4D5/2 transition (1529.4 nm in vacuum) is demonstrated, which utilizes an electrodeless discharge lamp rather than a laser-pumped Rb vapor cell as in a traditional ESFADOF system. When the lamp operates in the red mode with 3.5 W radio-frequency driving power, a twin-peak line-shaped transmission spectrum is obtained, which has a maximum transmittance of 21.9% (without taking into account the system loss and fluorescence background). ESFADOF by exploiting the 5P3/2-4D3/2 transition (1529.3 nm in vacuum) is also explored. A single-peak transmission spectrum with a maximum transmittance of about 3% is achieved. The electrodeless discharge lamp based ESFADOF holds promise for realizing a compact, low-cost, and good long-term frequency-stabilized laser system for optical communication applications.
We report an excited-state Faraday anomalous-dispersion optical filter operating on the rubidium 5P(3/2)-5D(5/2) transition (775.9 nm in vacuum) without the use of a pump laser. An electrodeless discharge vapor lamp is employed to replace the Rb vapor cell in a traditional Faraday anomalous-dispersion optical filter system. Atoms can be excited by power rather than a complex frequency-locked pump laser. A proof-of-concept experimental demonstration with a maximum transmission of 1.9% and a filter bandwidth of 650 MHz is presented.
Population ratios between excited states are measured to build the excited state Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter (ESFADOF).We calculate these values between the excited states according to the spontaneous transition probabilities using rate equations and the measured intensities of fluorescence spectral lines of He atoms in an electrodeless discharge lamp in the visible spectral region from 350 to 730 nm.The electrodeless discharge lamp with populations in excited states can be used to realize the frequency stabilization reference of the laser frequency standard.This lamp can also build ESFADOFs for submarine communication application in the blue-green wavelength to simplify the system without the use of a pump laser.
) with high stability, narrow spectral linewidth and low cost. This system does not need an additional frequency-stabilized pump laser as a prerequisite to preparing Rb atom from 5S to 5P excited state. Just by using a performance-improved electrodeless discharge lamp-based excited-state Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter (LESFADOF), we realized a heterogeneously Faraday laser with the frequency corresponding to atomic transition, working stably over a range of laser diode (LD) current from 85 mA to 171 mA and the LD temperature from 11 °C to 32 °C, as well as the 24-hour long-term frequency fluctuation range of no more than 600 MHz. Both the laser linewidth and relative intensity noisy (RIN) are measured. The Faraday laser lasing on Rb 1529 nm transition (telecom C-band) can be applied to further research on metrology, microwave photonics and optical communication systems. Besides, since the transitions correspongding to the populated excited-states of alkali atoms within lamp are extraordinarily rich, this scheme can increase the flexibility for choosing proper wavelengths for Faraday laser and greatly expand the coverage of wavelength corresponding to atomic transmission for laser frequency stabilization.
We experimentally demonstrate a Faraday laser at Rb 1529 nm transition by using a performance-improved Rb electrodeless-discharge-lamp-based excited-state Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter as the frequency-selective element. Neither the electrical locking scheme nor the additional frequency-stabilized pump laser are used. The frequency of the external-cavity diode laser is stabilized to the Rb 1529 nm transition, and the Allan deviation of the Faraday laser is measured by converting the optical intensity into frequency. The Faraday laser can be used as a frequency standard in the telecom C band for further research on metrology, microwave photonics, and optical communication systems.
We measure the intensity of fluorescence spectral lines of Cs atoms in an electrodeless discharge lamp from visible light to the near-infrared region of 400–1000 nm. To build an excited state Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter, the population ratios between the excited states are calculated by rate equations and the spontaneous transition probabilities. The electrodeless discharge lamp with populations in the excited states can be used to realize the frequency stabilization reference for lasers at multiwavelength and the excited state Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter for submarine communication applications in blue—green wavelengths to simplify the system.