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Chinese Physics Letters

Optical field induced refractive index change due to collision-enhanced zeeman coherence

Yinghua Zou, Yang Yang

Published Jan 1, 1990• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The collision-enhanced Zeeman coherence ρ ( w 1- w 2) (2) has been demonstrated by the effect of optical field induced index of refraction change, which is described by the real part of the nonlinear susceptibility χ (- w 1, w 1,- w 2, w 2) (3) . The experiments are performed in sodium vapor by a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The dependences of the effect on the magnetic field, pump beam intensity, and Ar pressure are consistent with the theory.

DOI
10.1088/0256-307x/7/1/003

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Chinese Physics Letters•Sep 1, 1990•0 citations
The collision-enhanced Zeeman coherence ρ ( w 1- w 2) (2) has been demonstrated by the effect of optical field induced index of refraction change, which is described by the real part of the nonlinear susceptibility χ (- w 1, w 1,- w 2, w 2) (3) . The experiments are performed in sodium vapor by a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The dependences of the effect on the magnetic field, pump beam intensity, and Ar pressure are consistent with the theory.
A circularly polarized laser beam propagating through sodium vapor is shown to be deflected by the inhomogeneous magnetic field from a nearby electric current-carrying thin wire aligned parallel to the beam. The effect arises from the refractive index gradient induced by magnetic-field-modified optical pumping. The experimentally observed beam deflection is in good agreement with predictions from a $J\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}1/2\ensuremath{\leftrightarrow}J\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}1/2$ model for the full four-dimensional spatialtemporal evolution of the interaction between radiation field and atoms. The time of order 100 ns needed for the beam to switch between undeflected and deflected positions is determined by the average Larmor precession period and is 2 orders of magnitude shorter than the optical pumping time.
We show that long-lived bright Zeeman coherence that is responsible for absorption enhancement and steep anomalous dispersion in an atomic medium gives rise to a giant nonlinearity of the atomic susceptibility, in a similar manner to the dark coherence responsible for the well-known electromagnetically induced transparency. The intensity dependent refractive index of Cs vapour with a ground state Zeeman coherence in the vicinity of the D2 resonance line has been measured at low light intensity. The Kerr nonlinearity in the bright coherent state (n2 approx 1.0 × 10-6 cm2 mW-1) is higher than that in a dark state under the same experimental conditions. Higher order nonlinear components of the refractive index have also been estimated for both coherent states.
The effect of spin-exchange collisions on the state populations obtained in an optically pumped Na23{\mathrm{Na}}^{23}Na23 vapor is studied in the limit of low light intensity. These state populations and hence the intensity of the rf Zeeman transitions are found theoretically to depend strongly on the spin-exchange cross sections. The various Zeeman rf transitions are found experimentally to be very different in intensity and this is interpreted as being partially due to spin-exchange collisions. From the intensity of the rf transitions in a magnetic field large enough to separate the six Zeeman components and from the observed relaxation time a spin-exchange cross section for two sodium atoms of $\ensuremath{\pi}{{S}_{0}}^{2}=6\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}14}$ cm2{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}cm2 is found.