Physical experiments and computation

Hsin-Yuan Huang, Michael Broughton, Jordan S. Cotler +8 more

Quantum technology promises to revolutionize how we learn about the physical world. An experiment that processes quantum data with a quantum computer could have substantial advantages over conventional experiments in which quantum states are measured and outcomes are processed with a classical computer. We proved that quantum machines could learn from exponentially fewer experiments than the number required by conventional experiments. This exponential advantage is shown for predicting properties of physical systems, performing quantum principal component analysis, and learning about physical dynamics. Furthermore, the quantum resources needed for achieving an exponential advantage are quite modest in some cases. Conducting experiments with 40 superconducting qubits and 1300 quantum gates, we demonstrated that a substantial quantum advantage is possible with today's quantum processors.

Michael J. Dinneen, Nies, André, Khoussainov, Bakhadyr

Muhammad Waseem, Faizan-e-Ilahi, Muhammad Sabieh Anwar

Arising from a series of laboratory class experiments developed by the authors this book provides an overview of fundamental experiments that can be used to practically demonstrate the underlying principles of quantum physics and quantum information science. Designed with multiple readerships in mind, it will be essential for the professor who would like to recreate a similar suite of experiments for their students and students of physics, who would like to learn how such experiments are actually conducted. Computer scientists, photonics engineers and electrical engineers who would like to foray into quantum technologies would also find this narrative useful to learn about the terminology, key postulates of quantum physics, the collapse of states on measurement and how quantum computers could be implemented. Video Abstract: Simple do-it-yourself experimental set-up for electron chargeqe measurement

Ivan S. Oliveira, Tito José Bonagamba, Roberto S. Sarthour +2 more

Hans A. De Raedt, Kristel F. L. Michielsen, K. Hess

Using Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen–Bohm experiments as an example, we demonstrate that the combination of a digital computer and algorithms, as a metaphor for a perfect laboratory experiment, provides solutions to problems of the foundations of physics. Employing discrete-event simulation, we present a counterexample to John Bell’s remarkable “proof” that any theory of physics, which is both Einstein-local and “realistic” (counterfactually definite), results in a strong upper bound to the correlations that are being measured in Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen–Bohm experiments. Our counterexample, which is free of the so-called detection-, coincidence-, memory-, and contextuality loophole, violates this upper bound and fully agrees with the predictions of quantum theory for Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen–Bohm experiments.