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AIP conference proceedings

The geometrical structure of quantum theory as a natural generalization of information geometry

Marcel Reginatto

Published Jan 1, 2015• 2 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1063/1.4905975

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From probabilities to wave functions: A derivation of the geometric formulation of quantum theory from information geometry

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It is shown that the geometry of quantum theory can be derived from geometrical structure that may be considered more fundamental. The basic elements of this reconstruction of quantum theory are the natural metric on the space of probabilities (information geometry), the description of dynamics using a Hamiltonian formalism (symplectic geometry), and requirements of consistency (Kähler geometry). The theory that results is standard quantum mechanics, but in a geometrical formulation that includes also a particular case of a family of nonlinear gauge transformations introduced by Doebner and Goldin. The analysis is carried out for the case of discrete quantum mechanics. The work presented here relies heavily on, and extends, previous work done in collaboration with M. J. W. Hall.

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Information geometry, dynamics and discrete quantum mechanics

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We consider a system with a discrete configuration space. We show that the geometrical structures associated with such a system provide the tools necessary for a reconstruction of discrete quantum mechanics once dynamics is brought into the picture. We do this in three steps. Our starting point is information geometry, the natural geometry of the space of probability distributions. Dynamics requires additional structure. To evolve the Pk, we introduce coordinates Sk canonically conjugate to the Pk and a symplectic structure. We then seek to extend the metric structure of information geometry, to define a geometry over the full space of the Pk and Sk. Consistency between the metric tensor and the symplectic form forces us to introduce a Kähler geometry. The construction has notable features. A complex structure is obtained in a natural way. The canonical coordinates of the ψk = PkeiSk Kähler space are precisely the wave functions of quantum mechanics. The full group of unitary transformations is obtained. Finally, one may associate a Hilbert space with the Kähler space, which leads to the standard version of quantum theory. We also show that the metric that we derive here using purely geometrical arguments is precisely the one that leads to Wootters’ expression for the statistical distance for quantum systems.

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Geometry of Quantum Theory

Veeravalli S. Varadarajan

Springer eBooks•Jan 1, 1968•869 citations
It is shown that the geometry of quantum theory can be derived from geometrical structure that may be considered more fundamental. The basic elements of this reconstruction of quantum theory are the natural metric on the space of probabilities (information geometry), the description of dynamics using a Hamiltonian formalism (symplectic geometry), and requirements of consistency (Kähler geometry). The theory that results is standard quantum mechanics, but in a geometrical formulation that includes also a particular case of a family of nonlinear gauge transformations introduced by Doebner and Goldin. The analysis is carried out for the case of discrete quantum mechanics. The work presented here relies heavily on, and extends, previous work done in collaboration with M. J. W. Hall.
We consider a system with a discrete configuration space. We show that the geometrical structures associated with such a system provide the tools necessary for a reconstruction of discrete quantum mechanics once dynamics is brought into the picture. We do this in three steps. Our starting point is information geometry, the natural geometry of the space of probability distributions. Dynamics requires additional structure. To evolve the Pk, we introduce coordinates Sk canonically conjugate to the Pk and a symplectic structure. We then seek to extend the metric structure of information geometry, to define a geometry over the full space of the Pk and Sk. Consistency between the metric tensor and the symplectic form forces us to introduce a Kähler geometry. The construction has notable features. A complex structure is obtained in a natural way. The canonical coordinates of the ψk = PkeiSk Kähler space are precisely the wave functions of quantum mechanics. The full group of unitary transformations is obtained. Finally, one may associate a Hilbert space with the Kähler space, which leads to the standard version of quantum theory. We also show that the metric that we derive here using purely geometrical arguments is precisely the one that leads to Wootters’ expression for the statistical distance for quantum systems.
In this paper, we show how the framework of information geometry, the natural geometry of discrete probability distributions, can be used to derive the quantum formalism. The derivation rests upon a few elementary features of quantum phenomena, such as complementarity and global gauge invariance. When appropriately formulated within an information-geometric framework, and combined with a novel information-theoretic principle, these features lead to the abstract quantum formalism for finite-dimensional quantum systems, and the result of Wigner's theorem. By means of a correspondence principle, several correspondence rules of quantum theory, such as the canonical commutation relationships, are also systematically derived. The derivation suggests that information geometry is directly or indirectly responsible for many of the central structural features of the quantum formalism, such as the importance of square roots of probability and the occurrence of sinusoidal functions of phases in a pure quantum state. Global gauge invariance is shown to play a crucial role in the emergence of the formalism in its complex form.