Physical Review A

Measurement of the photoionization cross section of the 6P3/2 state of cesium

Brian M. Patterson, T. Takekoshi, R. J. Knize

Published Mar 1, 1999• 34 citations

Abstract

We report the measurement of the absolute photoionization cross section for the ${6P}_{3/2}$ state of cesium. Cross sections were determined by measuring the photoionization rate of cesium atoms confined in a magneto-optical trap. The photoionization rate was measured by monitoring the decay of trap fluorescence during exposure to ionizing laser radiation. The measurements were made in the wavelength range 457.9 to 501.7 nm using several lines from an Ar-ion laser. Our results are compared to other experimental measurements as well as to existing theories.

DOI: 10.1103/physreva.59.2508

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Physical Review A

Measurement of the photoionization cross section of the 6P3/2 state of cesium

Brian M. Patterson, T. Takekoshi, R. J. Knize

Published Mar 1, 1999• 34 citations

Publisher

Abstract

We report the measurement of the absolute photoionization cross section for the

{6P}_{3/2}

state of cesium. Cross sections were determined by measuring the photoionization rate of cesium atoms confined in a magneto-optical trap. The photoionization rate was measured by monitoring the decay of trap fluorescence during exposure to ionizing laser radiation. The measurements were made in the wavelength range 457.9 to 501.7 nm using several lines from an Ar-ion laser. Our results are compared to other experimental measurements as well as to existing theories.

DOI: 10.1103/physreva.59.2508

Related papers

Photoionization cross sections for excited laser-cooled cesium atoms

Onofrio M. Maragò, D. Ciampini, F. Fuso +3 more

Losses from a cesium magneto-optical trap induced by an additional laser ionizing the atoms in the ${6P}_{3/2}$ state have been measured as a function of the intensity and frequency of the ionizing laser. The absolute cross section for ionization of the ${6P}_{3/2}$ state has been derived as a function of the wavelength of the ionizing laser. Our values are compared with previous ones and available theoretical predictions. A simple model describing the photoionization processes has been developed.Losses from a cesium magneto-optical trap induced by an additional laser ionizing the atoms in the ${6P}_{3/2}$ state have been measured as a function of the intensity and frequency of the ionizing laser. The absolute cross section for ionization of the ${6P}_{3/2}$ state has been derived as a function of the wavelength of the ionizing laser. Our values are compared with previous ones and available theoretical predictions. A simple model describing the photoionization processes has been developed.

Physical Review AJun 1, 199837 citations

Measurement of the photoionization cross section of the 5 S 1 / 2 state of rubidium

John R. Lowell, Tracy E. Northup, Brian M. Patterson +2 more

We report the measurement of the photoionization cross section for the ${5S}_{1/2}$ state of rubidium, using atoms confined in a magneto-optical trap. A single-photon rate at $\ensuremath{\lambda}=266\mathrm{nm}$ was found by monitoring the decay of trap fluorescence after exposure to ionizing radiation from a quadrupled ${\mathrm{N}\mathrm{d}:\mathrm{Y}\mathrm{V}\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ laser. In order to eliminate excited-state ionization, the photoionization and trapping lasers were alternately chopped, so that only ground-state atoms were ionized. We determine that the photoionization cross section at $\ensuremath{\lambda}=266\mathrm{nm}$ is $\ensuremath{\sigma}=1.7(2)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}20}{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}.$We report the measurement of the photoionization cross section for the ${5S}_{1/2}$ state of rubidium, using atoms confined in a magneto-optical trap. A single-photon rate at $\ensuremath{\lambda}=266\mathrm{nm}$ was found by monitoring the decay of trap fluorescence after exposure to ionizing radiation from a quadrupled ${\mathrm{N}\mathrm{d}:\mathrm{Y}\mathrm{V}\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ laser. In order to eliminate excited-state ionization, the photoionization and trapping lasers were alternately chopped, so that only ground-state atoms were ionized. We determine that the photoionization cross section at $\ensuremath{\lambda}=266\mathrm{nm}$ is $\ensuremath{\sigma}=1.7(2)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}20}{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}.$

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We describe a new technique for accurate measurement of absolute photoionization cross sections. By measuring the loss rateof atoms from a laser trap in the presence of ionizing light, we directly measure the photoionization rate. The only quantities requiring absolute calibration are the ionizing laser intensity and the fractional population in the relevant state. Our technique is capable of detecting extremely small ionization rates, which means that low-power cw sources can be used. We have applied this method to photoionization from the 5P(3/2) state of rubidium at wavelengths of 413 and 407 nm.The cross sections are 1.36(12) x 10(-17) and 1.25(11) x 10(-17) cm(2) , respectively.We describe a new technique for accurate measurement of absolute photoionization cross sections. By measuring the loss rateof atoms from a laser trap in the presence of ionizing light, we directly measure the photoionization rate. The only quantities requiring absolute calibration are the ionizing laser intensity and the fractional population in the relevant state. Our technique is capable of detecting extremely small ionization rates, which means that low-power cw sources can be used. We have applied this method to photoionization from the 5P(3/2) state of rubidium at wavelengths of 413 and 407 nm.The cross sections are 1.36(12) x 10(-17) and 1.25(11) x 10(-17) cm(2) , respectively.

Optics LettersDec 1, 199278 citations

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Chinese Physics LettersJan 1, 20128 citations

Absolute measurement of the photoionization cross section of the excited 7S state of cesium

S. L. Gilbert, Martin Charles Noecker, Carl Wieman

We report the first measurement of the absolute cross section for photoionization of the $7S$ state of cesium. The measurement employed a new technique in which the density of the excited-state atoms was determined by the amount of fluorescence. The cross section for photoionization by 540-nm light is 1.14(10)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\ensuremath{-}19}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$ . We also propose a second new technique for the absolute measurement of photoionization cross sections which is based on modulated fluorescence.We report the first measurement of the absolute cross section for photoionization of the $7S$ state of cesium. The measurement employed a new technique in which the density of the excited-state atoms was determined by the amount of fluorescence. The cross section for photoionization by 540-nm light is 1.14(10)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\ensuremath{-}19}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$. We also propose a second new technique for the absolute measurement of photoionization cross sections which is based on modulated fluorescence.

Physical Review AJun 1, 198420 citations

Measurement of collisions between laser-cooled cesium atoms and trapped cesium ions

Sourav Dutta, S. A. Rangwala

We report the measurement of collision rate coefficient for collisions between ultracold Cs atoms and low-energy $\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{s}}^{+}$ ions. The experiments are performed in a hybrid trap consisting of a magneto-optical trap (MOT) for Cs atoms and a Paul trap for $\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{s}}^{+}$ ions. The ion-atom collisions impart kinetic energy to the ultracold Cs atoms, resulting in their escape from the shallow MOT and, therefore, in a reduction in the number of Cs atoms in the MOT. By monitoring, using fluorescence measurements, the Cs atom number, and the MOT loading dynamics and then fitting the data to a rate equation model, the ion-atom collision rate is derived. The $\mathrm{Cs}\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{s}}^{+}$ collision rate coefficient $9.3(\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.4)(\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.2)(\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}3.5)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}14}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{m}}^{3}\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{s}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$, measured for an ion distribution with most probable collision energy of 95 meV $(\ensuremath{\approx}{\mathrm{k}}_{\mathrm{B}}\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}1100\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}\mathrm{K})$, is in fair agreement with theoretical calculations. As an intermediate step, we also determine the photoionization cross section of Cs $6{P}_{3/2}$ atoms at 473 nm wavelength to be $2.28(\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.33)\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}21}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{m}}^{2}$.We report the measurement of collision rate coefficient for collisions between ultracold Cs atoms and low-energy $\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{s}}^{+}$ ions. The experiments are performed in a hybrid trap consisting of a magneto-optical trap (MOT) for Cs atoms and a Paul trap for $\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{s}}^{+}$ ions. The ion-atom collisions impart kinetic energy to the ultracold Cs atoms, resulting in their escape from the shallow MOT and, therefore, in a reduction in the number of Cs atoms in the MOT. By monitoring, using fluorescence measurements, the Cs atom number, and the MOT loading dynamics and then fitting the data to a rate equation model, the ion-atom collision rate is derived. The $\mathrm{Cs}\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{s}}^{+}$ collision rate coefficient $9.3(\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.4)(\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.2)(\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}3.5)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}14}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{m}}^{3}\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{s}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$, measured for an ion distribution with most probable collision energy of 95 meV $(\ensuremath{\approx}{\mathrm{k}}_{\mathrm{B}}\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}1100\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}\mathrm{K})$, is in fair agreement with theoretical calculations. As an intermediate step, we also determine the photoionization cross section of Cs $6{P}_{3/2}$ atoms at 473 nm wavelength to be $2.28(\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.33)\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}21}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{m}}^{2}$.

arXiv:2008.08396Physical Review ASep 8, 20204 citations

We report the measurement of the absolute photoionization cross section for the

{6P}_{3/2}

Losses from a cesium magneto-optical trap induced by an additional laser ionizing the atoms in the

{6P}_{3/2}

state have been measured as a function of the intensity and frequency of the ionizing laser. The absolute cross section for ionization of the

{6P}_{3/2}

state has been derived as a function of the wavelength of the ionizing laser. Our values are compared with previous ones and available theoretical predictions. A simple model describing the photoionization processes has been developed.

We report the measurement of the photoionization cross section for the

{5S}_{1/2}

state of rubidium, using atoms confined in a magneto-optical trap. A single-photon rate at $\ensuremath{\lambda}=266\mathrm{nm}$ was found by monitoring the decay of trap fluorescence after exposure to ionizing radiation from a quadrupled

{\mathrm{N}\mathrm{d}:\mathrm{Y}\mathrm{V}\mathrm{O}}_{4}

laser. In order to eliminate excited-state ionization, the photoionization and trapping lasers were alternately chopped, so that only ground-state atoms were ionized. We determine that the photoionization cross section at $\ensuremath{\lambda}=266\mathrm{nm}$ is $\ensuremath{\sigma}=1.7(2)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}20}{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}.$

We report the first measurement of the absolute cross section for photoionization of the

7S

state of cesium. The measurement employed a new technique in which the density of the excited-state atoms was determined by the amount of fluorescence. The cross section for photoionization by 540-nm light is 1.14(10)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\ensuremath{-}19}$

{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}

. We also propose a second new technique for the absolute measurement of photoionization cross sections which is based on modulated fluorescence.

We report the measurement of collision rate coefficient for collisions between ultracold Cs atoms and low-energy

\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{s}}^{+}

ions. The experiments are performed in a hybrid trap consisting of a magneto-optical trap (MOT) for Cs atoms and a Paul trap for

\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{s}}^{+}

ions. The ion-atom collisions impart kinetic energy to the ultracold Cs atoms, resulting in their escape from the shallow MOT and, therefore, in a reduction in the number of Cs atoms in the MOT. By monitoring, using fluorescence measurements, the Cs atom number, and the MOT loading dynamics and then fitting the data to a rate equation model, the ion-atom collision rate is derived. The $\mathrm{Cs}\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{s}}^{+}$ collision rate coefficient $9.3(\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.4)(\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.2)(\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}3.5)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}14}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{m}}^{3}\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{s}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$, measured for an ion distribution with most probable collision energy of 95 meV $(\ensuremath{\approx}{\mathrm{k}}_{\mathrm{B}}\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}1100\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}\mathrm{K})$, is in fair agreement with theoretical calculations. As an intermediate step, we also determine the photoionization cross section of Cs

6{P}_{3/2}

atoms at 473 nm wavelength to be $2.28(\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.33)\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}21}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{m}}^{2}$.