Motivated by recent experiments on second-harmonic generation in three-level systems [K. S. Yngvesson and E. L. Kollberg, Appl. Phys. Lett. 36, 104 (1980)], a semiclassical description of resonant three-wave parametric interactions in three nondegenerate levels is considered. Within the limitations of the rotating-wave approximation, analytical nonperturbative solutions for the nonlinear polarization are derived, which are then coupled to Maxwell's equations and integrated numerically. The results of sample calculations for second-harmonic generation show (a) a maximum harmonic conversion occurs on full resonance, (b) the conversion efficiency can be > 50% but requires a strongly saturating pump, (c) the conversion distance increases with pumping intensity, and (d) the inclusion of ac Stark splittings is crucial for the achievement of high conversion efficiency. The role of level splittings is further explored for the case of a resonant parametric oscillator.Motivated by recent experiments on second-harmonic generation in three-level systems [K. S. Yngvesson and E. L. Kollberg, Appl. Phys. Lett. 36, 104 (1980)], a semiclassical description of resonant three-wave parametric interactions in three nondegenerate levels is considered. Within the limitations of the rotating-wave approximation, analytical nonperturbative solutions for the nonlinear polarization are derived, which are then coupled to Maxwell's equations and integrated numerically. The results of sample calculations for second-harmonic generation show (a) a maximum harmonic conversion occurs on full resonance, (b) the conversion efficiency can be > 50% but requires a strongly saturating pump, (c) the conversion distance increases with pumping intensity, and (d) the inclusion of ac Stark splittings is crucial for the achievement of high conversion efficiency. The role of level splittings is further explored for the case of a resonant parametric oscillator.

Physical Review AOct 1, 198128 citations

Nonlinear quantum effects in second-harmonic generation

Daniel F. Walls, C. T. Tindle

Lettere al nuovo cimento della societa italiana di fisica/Lettere al nuovo cimentoOct 1, 197125 citations

Resonant Strong Field Nonlinear Optical Interactions

David A. Coppeta

Jan 1, 19960 citations

Overtone generation in driven coherent media

Jonas Tidström, L. Mauritz Andersson

We observe overtone signal generation of a near-resonant bichromatic light field interacting with $^{85}\text{R}\text{b}$ on the Zeeman split $F=2\ensuremath{\leftrightarrow}{F}^{\ensuremath{'}}=1,2,3$ hyperfine transitions of the ${D}_{2}$ line at 780 nm. A nonperturbative theoretical model for electromagnetically induced transparency is developed in order to explain this phenomenon. Assuming a $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ system, an explicit and convenient expression for the atomic coherence is derived from the Lindblad equation assuming a phase-damping channel. The light field state is parametrically varied through one beat note of the bichromatic field and the spatial properties are studied by numerically solving the coupled-wave equation. The polarization characteristics is analyzed on the Poincar\'e sphere, which together with field intensity analysis offers a simple explanation of the harmonic beating signal due to Stokes vector rotation around the Poincar\'e sphere and decoherence effects. The experimental data and theoretical analysis focus on the first and second harmonics, although many higher harmonics are present. A distinct and narrow minimum of the second-harmonic generation is measured on two-photon resonance.We observe overtone signal generation of a near-resonant bichromatic light field interacting with $^{85}\text{R}\text{b}$ on the Zeeman split $F=2\ensuremath{\leftrightarrow}{F}^{\ensuremath{'}}=1,2,3$ hyperfine transitions of the ${D}_{2}$ line at 780 nm. A nonperturbative theoretical model for electromagnetically induced transparency is developed in order to explain this phenomenon. Assuming a $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ system, an explicit and convenient expression for the atomic coherence is derived from the Lindblad equation assuming a phase-damping channel. The light field state is parametrically varied through one beat note of the bichromatic field and the spatial properties are studied by numerically solving the coupled-wave equation. The polarization characteristics is analyzed on the Poincar\'e sphere, which together with field intensity analysis offers a simple explanation of the harmonic beating signal due to Stokes vector rotation around the Poincar\'e sphere and decoherence effects. The experimental data and theoretical analysis focus on the first and second harmonics, although many higher harmonics are present. A distinct and narrow minimum of the second-harmonic generation is measured on two-photon resonance.

Physical Review AJun 23, 20090 citations

Generation of harmonics of a strong field in a three-level atomic model

R. R. Muryasov, A. L. Nefedov

Journal of Experimental and Theoretical PhysicsMay 1, 19941 citation

We observe overtone signal generation of a near-resonant bichromatic light field interacting with

^{85}\text{R}\text{b}

on the Zeeman split $F=2\ensuremath{\leftrightarrow}{F}^{\ensuremath{'}}=1,2,3$ hyperfine transitions of the

{D}_{2}

line at 780 nm. A nonperturbative theoretical model for electromagnetically induced transparency is developed in order to explain this phenomenon. Assuming a $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ system, an explicit and convenient expression for the atomic coherence is derived from the Lindblad equation assuming a phase-damping channel. The light field state is parametrically varied through one beat note of the bichromatic field and the spatial properties are studied by numerically solving the coupled-wave equation. The polarization characteristics is analyzed on the Poincar\'e sphere, which together with field intensity analysis offers a simple explanation of the harmonic beating signal due to Stokes vector rotation around the Poincar\'e sphere and decoherence effects. The experimental data and theoretical analysis focus on the first and second harmonics, although many higher harmonics are present. A distinct and narrow minimum of the second-harmonic generation is measured on two-photon resonance.