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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

P-odd rotation of atom spin in a laser wave with a finite linewidth

V.G. Baryshevsky, Galina F. Grom, A. Kuzmich, Viktor V. Tikhomirov

Published May 6, 1996• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The effect of P-odd atomic spin rotation in a laser wave with a finite linewidth is considered. We have shown that laser linewidth is the major source of relaxation, limiting the available value of the spin rotation angle. A project of an atomic beam experiment to observe P-odd atom spin rotation is proposed. It is shown that such an experiment would provide better sensitivity than that of the previous ones.

DOI
10.1117/12.239816

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The effect of P-odd atomic spin rotation in a laser wave with a finite linewidth is considered. We have shown that laser linewidth is the major source of relaxation, limiting the available value of the spin rotation angle. A project of an atomic beam experiment to observe P-odd atom spin rotation is proposed. It is shown that such an experiment would provide better sensitivity than that of the previous ones.
In this paper the laser linewidth without rotating wave approximation is studied by keeping the ratio of the atomic natural decay rate to the radiation frequency to two orders.It is shown that while the linewidth is confined to the Schawlow-Townes formula,the non-rotating wave terms would cause the linewidth to increase since the non-rotating wave terms decrease the average photon number.The degree of increasing in linewidth depends not only on the square of the ratio of the atomic natural de-cay rate to radiation frequency,but also on the average photon number in rotating wave approxima-tion.The influence of the non-rotating wave terms on the laser linewidth is much larger than on the photon number fluctuations.
The detection of optical resonances by observation of the fluorescence light emitted from a fast atomic beam of Na interacting with a collinear laser beam is limited in sensitivity by optical pumping processes. In the experiment reported here, we take advantage of the optical pumping by using a second collinear laser beam, achieving then a gain in fluorescence signal. The effects of the lasers power and polarization on line shapes have been studied in the single laser excitation case as well as in the two laser beams one.
The study of magnetic-resonance linewidth is crucial in magnetic-resonance physics and its applications. Previous studies focused on the linewidth of alkali metal atoms within the spin-exchange relaxation-free regime near zero magnetic field and in strong magnetic fields where Zeeman resonances are well resolved due to the quadratic Zeeman effect. However, the linewidth in the unresolved-Zeeman-resonance regime, which is prevalent in various magnetometer and comagnetometer applications, is not well understood. To address this, we developed a theoretical framework based on the master equation for alkali metal atoms and solved it under the rotating-wave approximation and weak-driving conditions. Our numerical calculations and analytical expressions reveal that the light-narrowing effect occurs only when the ratio of the spin-exchange rate to the spin destruction rate exceeds a critical value. Additionally, we show that the linewidth in the unresolved Zeeman-resonance regime is significantly influenced by the mutual coupling of quantum coherence between different Zeeman sublevels. These findings provide a theoretical tool for understanding spin relaxation in alkali-metal atoms and optimizing the performance of atomic magnetometers and comagnetometers operating in this regime.
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