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The European Physical Journal D

The formation and transformation of the spatial weak-light bright and dark solitons in a quantum dot molecule with the interdot tunneling coupling

Kuanhong Zeng, Denglong Wang, Yanchao She, Xiaoqin Luo

Published Oct 31, 2013• 5 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1140/epjd/e2013-40197-y

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We consider the coupling effect between interdot tunneling coupling and external optical control field to study the linear optical property and the formation of temporal optical solitons in a quantum dot molecules system, analytically. The results show that the double tunneling induced transparency (TIT) windows are appeared in the absorption curve of probe field because of the formation of dynamic Stark splitting and quantum destructive interference effect from the two upper levels. Interestingly, the width of the TIT window becomes wider with the increasing intensity of the optical control field. We also find that the Kerr nonlinear effect of the probe field can be modulated effectively through coherent control both the control field and the interdot tunneling coupling in this system. Meanwhile, we demonstrate that the formation of dark or bright solitons can be practical regulated by varying the intensity of the optical control field.
In the past few years, many interesting optical phenomena, such as electromagnetically induced transparency, coherent optical control of a biexciton, slow light and optical solitons, have been investigated in single quantum dot (QD). However, in an actual semiconductor device there exist many quantum dots (QDs). Recently, QD molecule, which is comprised of double semiconductor QDs coupled by tunneling coupling, has been proposed. In this new semiconductor structure, many complex but interesting phenomena have been discovered. In fact, three QD molecules may also be composed of three QDs, which can be coupled by interdot tunneling coupling. For the three semiconductor QDs molecules, the influence of the interdot tunneling coupling strength must be considered. So, in this paper, with considering that a weak, -linear-polarized probe field can form left- and right-polarized components under the control of the parallel magnetic field, and when they are combined with the tunneling coupling among the QDs, an electromagnetically induced transparency medium of a five-level M configuration semiconductor three QDs is proposed. Subsequently, the nonlinear Faraday rotation in the semiconductor three QDs is analytically studied. For the linear case, the linear dispersion relation is driven by a method of multiple scales. Then, by studying the linear optical properties, it is found that the system exhibits a single tunneling induced transparency window due to the quantum destructive interference effect driven by the interdot tunneling coupling under appropriate conditions, and the width of the tunneling induced transparency window can be effectively controlled by the strength of the interdot tunneling coupling. Meanwhile, the switch regulatory effect, which changes from the anomalous dispersion regime to the normal dispersion regime, is likely to be achieved by changing the strength of the interdot tunneling coupling. For the nonlinear case, two coupled nonlinear Schrdinger equations, which govern the evolutions of left- and right-polarized components of the weak, -linear-polarized probe field under the applied longitudinal magnetic field, are derived. By studying the nonlinear properties, it is shown that a large nonlinear Faraday rotation angle can be obtained due to the quantum interference effect which is induced by the interdot tunneling coupling with a very low absorption of the weak, -linear-polarized probe field. In addition, it is also found that the nonlinear Faraday rotation direction is opposite to line Faraday rotation for the same magnetic field. What is more, the nonlinear Faraday rotation angle grows bigger than the linear Faraday rotation. These results mean that the Faraday rotation of the three semiconductor QDs with the electromagnetically induced transparency can be more effectively controlled by the nonlinear effect.
By using semiclassical theory combined with multiple-scale method, we analytically study the linear absorption and the nonlinear dynamical properties in a lifetime broadened Λ-type three-level self-assembled quantum dots. It is found that this system can exhibit the transparency, and the width of the transparency window becomes wider with the increase of control light field. Interestingly, a weak probe light beam can form spatial weak-light dark solitons. When it propagates along the axial direction, the soliton will transform into a steady spatial weak-light ring dark soltion. In addition, the stability of two-dimensional spatial optical solitons is testified numerically.