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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Spectroscopy on single tunneling N-V defect centers in diamond

S. Ya. Kilin, Alexander P. Nizovtsev, Tatiana M. Maevskaya, A. Dräbenstedt, C. Tietz, Joerg Schuster, Fedor Jelezko, Jörg Wrachtrup

Published Mar 20, 2000• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

To describe experiments on fluorescence excitation of single N-V defect centers in diamond we have used the double well potential (DWP) model which incorporates the possibility of tunneling the nitrogen atom into the vacancy both in ground and excited electronic states of the center. Fluorescence and linear absorption spectra are calculated, DWP's parameter values for N-V centers are determined and manifestations of their variations due to local diamond lattice distortions in fluorescence spectra of various single N-V centers are studied.

DOI
10.1117/12.380118

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To describe experiments on fluorescence excitation of single N-V defect centers in diamond we have used the double well potential (DWP) model which incorporates the possibility of tunneling the nitrogen atom into the vacancy both in ground and excited electronic states of the center. Fluorescence and linear absorption spectra are calculated, DWP's parameter values for N-V centers are determined and manifestations of their variations due to local diamond lattice distortions in fluorescence spectra of various single N-V centers are studied.
Summary form only given. Fluorescence excitation method of single molecule spectroscopy has been applied recently to study individual nitrogen-vacancy (N-V) defect centers in diamond. These objects are of great interest owing to the proposal to build quantum computer at /sup 13/C nuclear spins neighboring the N-V center. Based on new spectroscopic information we have developed simple models of the N-V center and used them to describe a wide range of experiments dealing both with single centers and with their ensembles. The first model emphasizes possible tunneling of N atom into vacancy and describes that in terms of double well potentials. The second model takes into account the spin-triplet character of the ground electronic state of the center and allows to describe a variety of fluorescence detected magnetic resonance phenomena.
Abstract The nitrogen vacancy and some nickel related defects in diamond can be observed as single quantum systems in diamond by their fluorescence. The fabrication of single colour centres occurs via generation of vacancies or via controlled nitrogen implantation in the case of the nitrogen vacancy (NV) centre. The NV centre shows an electron paramagnetic ground and optically excited state. As a result electron and nuclear magnetic resonance can be carried out on single defects. Due to the localized nature of the electron spin wavefunction hyperfine coupling to nuclei more than one lattice constant away from the defect as dominated by dipolar interaction. As a consequence the coupling to close nuclei leads to a splitting in the spectrum which allows for optically detected electron nuclear double resonance. The contribution discusses the physics of the NV and other defect centre from the perspective of single defect centre spectroscopy. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Over the past few years, the detection of single N-V centers in diamond has attracted much interest, since it is expected to lead to innovative applications in various domains of quantum information. The N-V center in diamond is a defectconsisting of a substitutional nitrogen atom adjacent to a carbon-atom vacancy. The optical transition between the 3A ground state and the 3E excited state has a very high quantum efficiency allowing single defect spectroscopy. Because of the paramagnetic nature of the ground electronic state, single N-V defects are believed to be promising candidates for solid state quantum computation. To date, however, the photophysics of the defect is not entirely understood. The existence of a singlet metastable state 1A was challenged in a series of papers reporting hole-burning, optically detected magnetic resonance and single molecule experiments. We present here an overview of recent low and room temperature data, indicating the important role of a metastable state of the defect in single center experiments.
Low temperature fluorescence excitation spectroscopy was carried out on single , nitrogen vacancy defect centers.At temperatures below 90, K; the fluorescence intensity of individual centers drastically diminishes because of the population of a metastable singlet state in near resonance with the .optically excited state.Low temperature fluorescence excitation spectroscopy , down to 5 K becomes possible via deshelving of this state with a second laser source.Surprisingly individual centers reveal low temperature fluorescence excitation line widths around 0.6 meV.
We report a magnetic field dependence of fluorescence of diamond single crystals containing NV−^-− centers. In such spectra, numerous sharp lines are found, which correspond to Level Anti-Crossings (LACs) in coupled spins systems comprising an NV−^-− center. Theoretical modeling of such "LAC-spectra" enables characterization of paramagnetic defect centers and determination of their magnetic resonance parameters, such as zero-field splitting and hyperfine coupling constants. The outlined method thus enables sensitive detection of paramagnetic impurities in diamond crystals.