Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Physical Review A

Photon-counting statistics of the subthreshold transient degenerate parametric oscillator

Reeta Vyas, A. L. DeBrito

Published Jul 1, 1990• 8 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Transient photoelectron-counting statistics of a degenerate parametric oscillator (DPO) operating below threshold are studied. A generating-function technique has been used and analytical expressions for photon-counting distribution, factorial moments, and waiting-time distribution have been derived. These results are compared with the steady-state results for the DPO and thermal light.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.42.592

Related papers

Photon-Counting Statistics of the Degenerate Parametric Oscillator in the Transient Regime

Reeta Vyas, A. L. DeBrito

Photon statistics of a subthreshold degenerate parametric oscillator (DPO) are studied in the transient regime and compared with the results for steady state DPO.

Nonlinear Dynamics in Optical Systems•Jan 1, 1990•0 citations

Homodyne photon statistics of the subthreshold degenerate parametric oscillator

Arlis Dodson, Reeta Vyas

Homodyne statistics when the light from a degenerate parametric oscillator (DPO) is mixed with coherent light from a local oscillator are discussed. By using dynamical models of these beams we discuss the photon sequences underlying the superposed beam in terms of photoelectric pulse sequences recorded by a detector. The field produced by the parametric oscillator is expressed in terms of two independent real Gaussian random variables. Using this property of the field variables, we derive the generating function for the photoelectron statistics analytically. From this generating function, expressions for the photoelectron-counting distribution, factorial moments, and the waiting-time distribution are derived. These quantities are directly measurable in photon-counting experiments. The results reported here are applicable to arbitrary strengths of the signal and the local-oscillator fields. We also show that, depending on the relative strength and relative phase between coherent light from the local oscillator and squeezed light from the DPO, the superposed light beam may exhibit many interesting nonclassical features. These and other effects are described and curves are presented to illustrate the behavior.

Physical Review A•Apr 1, 1993•26 citations

Photon-counting statistics of the subthreshold nondegenerate parametric oscillator

Reeta Vyas

Statistics of photons emitted by a nondegenerate parametric oscillator (NDPO) operating below threshold are discussed. Analytical expressions for the generating function are obtained when two nondegenerate modes of the NDPO are mixed on a photocathode or when the intensities of the two modes are added. From the generating function, photon-counting distributions and waiting-time distributions as measured by a detector placed outside the cavity are derived. Similarities and differences between the distributions for the NDPO, the degenerate parametric oscillator, degenerate four-wave mixing, nondegenerate four-wave mixing, and thermal light are also discussed.

Physical Review A•Jul 1, 1992•9 citations

Photon-counting statistics of the degenerate optical parametric oscillator

Reeta Vyas, Surendra Singh

Nonclassical light beams generated by the degenerate optical parametric oscillator operating below threshold are analyzed in terms of photoelectron-counting sequences. The positive-P representation is used to calculate the generating function for photoelectron statistics in a closed form. This generating function is used to derive expressions for the photoelectron-counting and waiting-time distributions. The dependence of these distributions on mean photon number inside the cavity and efficiency of detection is studied. The relationship between photoelectron-counting sequence and the photon emission sequence is used to present a simple physical picture of light beams produced by the degenerate parametric oscillator.

Physical Review A•Nov 1, 1989•73 citations

Photo-detection wait time distributions for light from degenerate parametric oscillator

Reeta Vyas, Luis F. Morales Bultron, Surendra Singh

Analytic expressions for conditional and unconditional wait-time distributions for the n-th photo-detection are derived for the light from a degenerate parametric oscillator and subthreshold laser, in the small photon number regime where quantum effects dominate.

Frontiers in Optics•Jan 1, 2023•0 citations

Higher-order photon statistics of optical parametric oscillators

Reeta Vyas, A. L. DeBrito

We discuss two- and three-fold photon statistics for the squeezed light generated by subthreshold degenerate (DPO) and nondegenerate (NDPO) parametric oscillators. In higher-order statistics details of coherence properties are more strongly reflected than in the single-fold statistics. Many experiments use two-fold statistics to extract spectral information about the incident beam. We use phase-space representation to express the operator field variables in terms of independent Gaussian random processes.1 Using the Gaussian property of these field variables and making a Karhunen-Loeve expansion in terms of orthogonal functions, analytical expressions for the two- and three-fold generating functions for the DPO and the NDPO are obtained. From this generating function various statistical quantities such as factorial moments and joint photon counting probability distributions are calculated.

Annual Meeting Optical Society of America•Jan 1, 1991•0 citations
Transient photoelectron-counting statistics of a degenerate parametric oscillator (DPO) operating below threshold are studied. A generating-function technique has been used and analytical expressions for photon-counting distribution, factorial moments, and waiting-time distribution have been derived. These results are compared with the steady-state results for the DPO and thermal light.
Homodyne statistics when the light from a degenerate parametric oscillator (DPO) is mixed with coherent light from a local oscillator are discussed. By using dynamical models of these beams we discuss the photon sequences underlying the superposed beam in terms of photoelectric pulse sequences recorded by a detector. The field produced by the parametric oscillator is expressed in terms of two independent real Gaussian random variables. Using this property of the field variables, we derive the generating function for the photoelectron statistics analytically. From this generating function, expressions for the photoelectron-counting distribution, factorial moments, and the waiting-time distribution are derived. These quantities are directly measurable in photon-counting experiments. The results reported here are applicable to arbitrary strengths of the signal and the local-oscillator fields. We also show that, depending on the relative strength and relative phase between coherent light from the local oscillator and squeezed light from the DPO, the superposed light beam may exhibit many interesting nonclassical features. These and other effects are described and curves are presented to illustrate the behavior.
Statistics of photons emitted by a nondegenerate parametric oscillator (NDPO) operating below threshold are discussed. Analytical expressions for the generating function are obtained when two nondegenerate modes of the NDPO are mixed on a photocathode or when the intensities of the two modes are added. From the generating function, photon-counting distributions and waiting-time distributions as measured by a detector placed outside the cavity are derived. Similarities and differences between the distributions for the NDPO, the degenerate parametric oscillator, degenerate four-wave mixing, nondegenerate four-wave mixing, and thermal light are also discussed.
Nonclassical light beams generated by the degenerate optical parametric oscillator operating below threshold are analyzed in terms of photoelectron-counting sequences. The positive-P representation is used to calculate the generating function for photoelectron statistics in a closed form. This generating function is used to derive expressions for the photoelectron-counting and waiting-time distributions. The dependence of these distributions on mean photon number inside the cavity and efficiency of detection is studied. The relationship between photoelectron-counting sequence and the photon emission sequence is used to present a simple physical picture of light beams produced by the degenerate parametric oscillator.
We discuss two- and three-fold photon statistics for the squeezed light generated by subthreshold degenerate (DPO) and nondegenerate (NDPO) parametric oscillators. In higher-order statistics details of coherence properties are more strongly reflected than in the single-fold statistics. Many experiments use two-fold statistics to extract spectral information about the incident beam. We use phase-space representation to express the operator field variables in terms of independent Gaussian random processes.1 Using the Gaussian property of these field variables and making a Karhunen-Loeve expansion in terms of orthogonal functions, analytical expressions for the two- and three-fold generating functions for the DPO and the NDPO are obtained. From this generating function various statistical quantities such as factorial moments and joint photon counting probability distributions are calculated.