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Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Analytical and numerical analysis of the atom–field dynamics in non-stationary cavity QED

Alexandre V. Dodonov, Roberto Lo Nardo, Rosanna Migliore, ANTONINO MESSINA, V. V. Dodonov

Published Nov 1, 2011• 33 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We study analytically and numerically the dynamics of the quantum non-stationary system composed of a two-level atom interacting with a single mode cavity field whose frequency is rapidly modulated in time (with a small amplitude). We identify modulation laws resulting in qualitatively different dynamical regimes and we present analytical solutions in some simple cases. In particular, we analyse minutely the influence of the field–atom coupling on the photon generation from vacuum via the dynamical Casimir effect.

DOI
10.1088/0953-4075/44/22/225502

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We study analytically and numerically the dynamics of the quantum non-stationary system composed of a two-level atom interacting with a single mode cavity field whose frequency is rapidly modulated in time (with a small amplitude). We identify modulation laws resulting in qualitatively different dynamical regimes and we present analytical solutions in some simple cases. In particular, we analyse minutely the influence of the field–atom coupling on the photon generation from vacuum via the dynamical Casimir effect.
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An atom interacting with a quantized electromagnetic field in a cavity with time-dependent parameters is considered. Variation of the cavity parameters results in nonstationary dynamics of the field which leads, in turn, to excitation of the atom, even if photons were initially absent in the cavity. We distinguish three mechanisms of such excitation: excitation due to absorption of real photons created by the dynamical Casimir effect, excitation due to absorption of virtual photons during the transient process, and excitation due to nonadiabatic parametric modulation of the atomic Lamb shift. The last mechanism has no relation to the dynamical Casimir effect and thus should be considered as a new vacuum QED effect. Normally all these three mechanisms give a contribution to the amplitude of the atom excitation and are accompanied by the creation of photons. Therefore the presence of an atom in the cavity alters the average number of created photons in comparison with the case of an empty non-stationary cavity. Our consideration is based mainly on a simple model of a two-level atom interacting with a single mode of quantized electromagnetic field. However, our results are qualitatively valid for more realistic models.
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