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Physical Review A

Coherence-induced entanglement

Fuli Li, Han Xiong, Muhammad Suhail Zubairy

Published Jul 19, 2005• 25 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We show how atomic coherence can lead to entanglement between two thermal fields at a temperature $T$. We first show that the passage of a three-level atom in $V$ configuration without coherence cannot create entanglement. However, if the excited states are driven by a microwave field, the resulting atomic coherence can lead to entanglement between the thermal fields. We show that, no matter how high the temperature of the fields is, the thermal fields can always be entangled in the presence of atomic coherence.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.72.010303

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We show how atomic coherence can lead to entanglement between two thermal fields at a temperature TTT. We first show that the passage of a three-level atom in VVV configuration without coherence cannot create entanglement. However, if the excited states are driven by a microwave field, the resulting atomic coherence can lead to entanglement between the thermal fields. We show that, no matter how high the temperature of the fields is, the thermal fields can always be entangled in the presence of atomic coherence.
Several examples that show the relationship between atomic coherence and entanglement productions have been discussed in this paper. The first example shows how atomic coherence can lead to entanglement between two thermal fields at a temperature T ; In the second example, we demonstrate how a cascade correlated spontaneous emission laser can be used as an entanglement amplifier; The last example illustrates how an arbitrary entangled state of two cavity fields can be prepared through atomic coherence. All these examples seem indicate that the two different quantum effects-coherence and entanglement-are closely related.
We investigate the entanglement of a three-level atom in Λ configuration interacting with two quantized field modes by using logarithmic negativity. Then, we study the relationship of the atomic coherence and the entanglement between two fields which are initially prepared in vacuum or thermal states. We find that if the two fields are prepared in thermal states, the atomic coherence can induce the entanglement between two thermal fields. However, there is no coherence-induced entanglement between two vacuum fields.
We explore the quantum entanglement between two collective fields via atomic coherence effects. For three-level atoms in V\mathsf{V}V configuration driven by two applied fields on two-photon resonance, one coherent superposition of the excited states is not excited, which is the counterpart of coherent population trapping. The coherence-induced depopulation makes two cavity fields in each collection combine into a quantum-beat, i.e., equivalently, the difference mode of the two components decouples from the driven atoms. The two sum modes, when they are arranged in the four-wave mixinglike interactions, can be prepared in Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen entangled state. Correspondingly, any two individual fields from different collective modes are entangled with each other. Furthermore, the effects of thermal reservoir and laser linewidths are discussed, and a generalization is given to the case in which each quantum beat involves more than two modes.
We have investigated the influence of dipole-dipole interaction and initial atomic coherence on atomic entanglement dynamics of two qubits. We have considered a model, in which only one atom couples to a quantum electromagnetic field in a cavity, since one of them can move around the cavity. We have shown that the entanglement arises for all pure atomic state even when both atoms are initially in the excited states. We have also derived that degree of entanglement is enhanced in the presence of the atomic coherence.
Considering two identical two-level atoms interacting with two mode thermal field through a nondegerate two-photon process, we study the entanglement dynamics between two atoms when the atomic coherence exists. It shows that the entanglement is dependent on the initial atomic states, and is greatly enhanced due to atomic coherence as compared with the case when the atomic coherence is ignored. The results also show that the entanglement can be controlled by changing the relative phases and the amplitudes of the polarized atoms.