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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Coulomb broadening of nonlinear resonances in the field of strong standing wave

Oleg V. Belai, David A. Shapiro

Published May 3, 2006• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The ionic probe-field spectrum is calculated including scattering in plasma. The peak of higher spatial harmonics is shown to broaden due to Coulomb dephasing. Account of the saturation and population effects provides an agreement with experiment.
DOI
10.1117/12.677873

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The problem of probe-field spectrum is considered for a three-level ion placed in a field of an intense standing light wave. The ion interaction with plasma and the velocity-changing Coulomb scattering are taken into account within the weak-collision model. The system of kinetic equations for the density matrix is solved by the expansion in spatial harmonics and eigenfunctions of the collision operator. The profile of nonlinear addition to the probe-wave absorption is determined for various values of the effective ion-ion collision frequencies and various amplitudes and frequencies of standing wave. It is shown that the broadening of the central nonlinear structure in the spectrum is caused by the Coulomb dephasing effect. The computational results are in qualitative agreement with the available experimental data.
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Coherent preparation of quantum states of atoms and ions by laser light can lead to electromagnetically induced transparency and related effects. In particular, the standing wave at the adjacent transition induces a new type of nonlinear resonance in the probe-field spectrum of a three-level system. The resonance is due to the effect of high-order harmonics of atomic coherence. However, the resonance is broadened and the reason of the broadening was unclear. The paper describes how the velocity changing collisions broaden the resonance. The analytic theory taking into account up to 4-th order of the perturbation theory is presented. The numerical calculations are described. The analytical formulas are shown to describe the experiment qualitatively while the numerical computation demonstrates quantitative agreement. The Coulomb dephasing is discussed as the physical mechanism of the broadening.
Coherent preparation of quantum states of atoms and ions by laser light can lead to electromagnetically induced transparency and related effects. In particular, the standing wave at the adjacent transition induces a new type of nonlinear resonance in the probe-field spectrum of a three-level system. The resonance is due to the effect of high- order harmonics of atomic coherence. However, the resonance is broadened in experiment and the reason of the broadening was unclear. The paper describes how the velocity changing collisions broaden the resonance. The analytic theory taking into account up to 4-th order of the perturbation theory is presented. The numerical solution of density matrix equations is discussed. The analytical formulas are shown to describe the experiment qualitatively while the numerical computation demonstrates quantitative agreement. The Coulomb dephasing is shown to be the physical mechanism of the broadening.
We have measured the shape of the Autler-Townes doublet and the peak of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) under plasma conditions. We compare the experimental results with the calculated spectrum of the probe field of a three-level ArII Λ-scheme by taking into account Coulomb collisions. We show that the Coulomb broadening of the EIT peak is small (less than 40%), while the saturation resonance is broadened under the experimental conditions by a factor of 3. In contrast to the saturation resonance attributable to the Bennett dip in the velocity distribution of the population, the EIT peak is a coherent effect and is broadened mainly through Coulomb dephasing.
The Coulomb broadening of a magneto-optical resonance of degenerate two-level ions in the field of a standing wave is calculated. Under the conditions of linear polarisation of this wave, of the normal Zeeman effect, and of weak saturation, the broadening is described by familiar expressions for multistage and two-photon resonances in separate three-level subsystems and the coefficients in these expressions depend on the angular momenta. The profile of a nonlinear resonance in the dependence of the output power of a single-frequency Zeeman ionic laser on the applied magnetic field consists of a narrow central interference peak, a wide diffusion part, and Lorentzian wings. It is shown that, in the case of a broad lower active level, the J → J+1 transitions are more favourable for the observation of a two-photon resonance and the relative amplitude of the resonance is not less than 2/7.